A Study Of Behavioral Characteristics,before Race Behavior And Heart Rate On Exercise State For Yili Horse

In this study,3-year-old Yili horses(12 horses)were selected as subjects to study the daily behavior of horses and the differences of pre-race behavior and heart rate among horses in different exercise states,the evaluation index of Horse’s suitable race state is mined to provide data reference for the evaluation of Horse’s running state.Through the analysis of the differences of daily behavior characteristics of the Yili horses:the results showed that the behavior of Yili horses fed in the shed was feeding all day long>resting>exploring>other>grooming.The time of chewing in the afternoon was significantly greater than that in the morning and evening(P<0.01),and the frequency of times in the afternoon was significantly greater than that in the evening(P<0.01),and significantly greater than that in the morning(P<0.05);the time and frequency of licking were significantly higher in the morning than in the evening(P<0.01);the time and frequency of lying resting and standing resting were significantly greater in the evening than in the morning and afternoon(P<0.01);the time and frequency of standing and alerting were significantly higher in morning and afternoon than in evening(P<0.01);the time of nibbling in the morning was significantly greater than that in the afternoon(P<0.01),and the frequency of itching times is significantly greater in the morning than in the afternoon and evening(P<0.05);and the frequency of defecation was significantly different(P<0.01);the stretching time and frequency of morning and evening periods are significantly greater than those in the afternoon period(P<0.01);the frequency of head shaking in the morning was significantly greater than that of the afternoon and evening periods(P<0.01).Through the analysis of the difference of Yili horses behavior in different periods of different sports states,In the feeding behavior,the licking excellent group was significantly higher than the normal group in the afteroon(P<0.05);In the resting behavior,the standing excellent group was significantly higher than the normal group in the afternoon(P<0.05);In the exploration behavior,the sniffing excellent group was significantly higher than the normal group in the afternoon(P<0.05);In the grooming behavior,the nibbling excellent group was significantly lower than the normal group in the morning(P<0.05),and the nibbling excellent group was significantly higher than the normal group in the afternoon(P<0.05);The rubbing excellent group was significantly higher than that the normal group in the morning and evening(P<0.05);In the others behavior,the yawning excellent group was significantly higher than the normal group in the evening(P<0.05);the planing excellent group was significantly lower than the normal group in the evening and afternoon(P<0.05).According to the correlation analysis between each behavior and the competition time,rubbing was significantly negatively correlated with the competition time(P<0.05),and nibbling and planing were significantly positively correlated with the competition time(P<0.05).Through the analysis of the difference of Yili horses heart rate in different periods of different sports states,that in different periods,the Mean HR was significantly higher before race than at the beginning and the middle of race(P<0.05);and Mean RR was significantly lower before race than at the beginning and the middle of race(P<0.01);The NN50 excellent group is significantly larger than the start of the period(P<0.05);The HF in excellent group was significantly higher than that at the beginning(P<0.01);the LF in excellent group was significantly higher than that at the beginning(P<0.05);the VLF in excellent group was significantly higher than that at the beginning(P<0.05).In different exercise states,the NN50 and PNN50 excellent groups were significantly higher than the normal group at the pre-race and intermediate period(P<0.05).The LF/HF excellent group was significantly lower than the ordinary group before and during the period(P<0.05).The VLF excellent group was significantly greater than that of ordinary group(P<0.05).According to the correlation analysis of heart rate and related indicators with race time,it was found that LF/HF was significantly positively correlated with race time(P<0.05),while NN50 and PNN50 were significantly negatively correlated with race time(P<0.05).In practical production,we can use the excellent group to rub more in the morning than in the normal group,to nibble less in the afternoon than in the normal group;to lick,stand,sniff and nibble more in the afternoon than in the normal group,to plan lower than in the normal group;and the rub,yawn were higher than the normal group,to plan lower than the normal group,and the horses were judged to be in good prerace condition.It can also be used to evaluate the pre-race condition of horses according to the NN50 and PNN50 of the excellent group are higher than the ordinary group in the middle and pre-race period,LF/HF is lower than the ordinary group in the middle and pre-race period,and VLF is higher than the ordinary group in the middle period.To sum up,through the assessment of daily behavior,pre-race behavior and heart rate-related indicators,combining the characteristics of different behavior and heart rate and related indicators in different periods to assess the pre-race racing racing state,it is of great significance to improve horse’s welfare,competition performance and sports ability.