Effects Of Adding Bio-organic Fertilizer For Drip Irrigation Under Film Mulch On Cotton Yield,Nutrient Uptake And Soil Salinity

Cotton is one of the important economic crops in Xinjiang’s agricultural development.Due to the excessive application of fertilizer and the imbalance of fertilizer application,the sustainable development of cotton production is affected.In this experiment,the method of drip irrigation under film was used to carry out field plot experiment and set the control without fertilization,conventional chemical fertilizer,special fertilizer,conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer and special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer,a total of 5 fertilization treatments.The effects of different fertilization patterns on cotton growth and development,yield and income increased,plant nutrient absorption,soil salinity and soil available nutrient content were discussed,and the optimal fertilization scheme suitable for local cotton production was selected.It provides a reference for the management of water and fertilizer in the cotton field of farmers.Mainly obtained the following test conclusions:1.Under the condition of drip irrigation under film in Shawan county of Xinjiang,the plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content and dry matter quality of cotton plants treated with conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer and special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer were significantly higher than that of the control without fertilization.The plant height of the special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer was 13.8%higher than that of the special fertilizer treatment,and conventional fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment increased by 2.5%compared with conventional fertilization treatment.There was no significant difference in stem diameter among different fertilization treatments.There was no significant difference among fertilization treatments in stem diameter,but the stem diameter of two treatments with combined application of bio-organic fertilizer was increased,and the application of special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer increased 7.0%than that of special fertilizer treatment.Conventional fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment increased by 5.7%compared with conventional fertilization treatment.The combination of bio-organic fertilizer could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of crops and further promote the growth and development of cotton.The dry matter quality of cotton showed that the special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer was 24.4%higher than that of special fertilizer treatment,compared with conventional fertilizer treatment,conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer increased by 34.8%,and the effect of conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer was the best and the difference was significant.2.In seed cotton yield,the four treatments of special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer,conventional fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer,drip irrigation special fertilizer and conventional fertilizer increased 63.5%,57.7%,48.2%and 35.2%respectively compared with the control.The boll number per plant,boll weight per plant and yield of the special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment increased by 15.2%,3.3%and 10.3%respectively compared with the special fertilizer treatment.The yield of conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment was 16.7%higher than that of conventional fertilizer treatment,and get the best economic benefits.The application of bio-organic fertilizer can effectively increased the number of bolls per plant of cotton,and has a significant impact on the yield of seed cotton.Combining with the optimal economic benefits of cotton,conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer was recommended as the best fertilization mode.3.Increasing the application of bio-organic fertilizer has a significant impact on improving the nutrient accumulation of cotton,the agronomic use efficiency of fertilizer,and the fertilizer partial productivity.The accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in each organ of conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment and special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment were higher than those of the other three treatments.The agronomic use efficiency and fertilizer partial productivity of conventional fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than conventional fertilizer treatment,which increased by 1.65 and 1.61 kg/kg,respectively.The special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer purpose fertilizer was 0.97 and 0.94 kg/kg higher than that of special fertilizer treatment,respectively.Adding bio-organic fertilizer can reduce fertilizer loss to a certain extent,it was better to improve the agronomic utilization efficiency of fertilizers and the partial productivity of fertilizers by conventional fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment.4.The pH value of conventional chemical fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment and special fertilizer+bio-organic fertilizer treatment was 0.01～0.11 units lower than that of non-biological organic fertilizer treatment,it had fine-tuning and buffering effect on soil pH.At the distance of 0 cm and 30 cm,the electrical conductivity of 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly lower than that of 20～40 cm soil layer,with the increase of soil depth,and the conductivity of two treatments with bio-organic fertilizer was higher than that of other treatments.Under mulch drip irrigation,the salt content was continuously leached downward,salt accumulation appeared in the lower part and "washing salt" in the surface layer.The application of bio-organic fertilizer could significantly decrease the soil pH and reduce soil surface salinity,compared with the other three treatments,the effect of improving soil available N,P and K nutrient contents was obvious.