Effects Of Natural Grass Products On Performance And Rumen Microorganisms Of Mutton Sheep

Natural grassland is an important material base for the development of animal husbandry in China,and is also the main raw material source for the production of natural forage products.In this study,the typical grassland of Maoden pasture in xilinhaote,Inner Mongolia,was used as the experimental site,and the natural forage products were used as the experimental materials.The effects of different processing methods of natural herbage products and the combination of natural herbage and concentrate on the productivity and rumen microorganisms of mutton sheep were studied,the purpose is to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the research,development and utilization of natural grass products in China,and to provide guidance for production practice.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The feed intake and average daily gain of grass pellet group were significantly higher than that of grazing group and hay group(P<0.05),and there were no significant differences among groups in carcass length,carcass width,bone weight,eye muscle area and GR value(P>0.05);The contents of protein and fat in mutton in grass granule group were significantly higher than those in grazing group and hay group(P<0.05),and the shearing force in hay group and hay granule group was significantly lower than that in grazing group(P<0.05)The contents of C15:0,C24:0,n-6/n-3 and essential amino acid in grass granule group were significantly higher than those in grazing group(P<0.05).(2)The growth performance,dressing performance and meat quality of mutton sheep were significantly improved by the combination of natural forage and concentrate feed,and the weight gain,carcass weight and dressing rate of mutton sheep in the total mixed diet group were significantly higher than those in the grazing group and the grass pellet group(P<0.05),by 27.56%,33.11%,5.73% and 24.57%,40.85%,8.61%respectively.there was no significant difference in the nutritional composition of mutton among the groups(P>0.05).The shearing force and the content of saturated fatty acid in the total mixed ration group were significantly lower than those in the grazing group and the grass pellet group,it fell by 12.09%,4.77% and 8.48%,8.30%respectively.(3)At phyla level,Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the dominant bacteria groups,and RC9(Rikenellaceae),F082 and Prevotella 1 were the dominant bacteria groups at genus level,the rumen bacterial diversity was significantly decreased by feeding grass pellets and total mixed ration(P<0.05),and the rumen bacterial community structure was controlled by dietary nutrient level and physical form.In conclusion,Pellets could improve the growth performance,improve the meat quality and increase the content of total amino acid and umami amino acid in mutton The combination of natural forage and concentrate feed can significantly improve the growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of mutton sheep,and can reduce the content of saturated fatty acid in mutton and increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid.