Effects Of Cordyceps Militaris Feed Additive On Growth Performance And Meat Quality Of Finishing Pig

Cordyceps militaris（CM）is rich in cordycepin,adenosine,polysaccharides and other biologically active substances.CM can improve the palatability of animal feed,and is beneficial to animal growth and body health,which is a good source of feed additives.We have selected 160 third-crossbred finishing pigs in good condition and weighing 36.83±0.06kg,and divided all pigs into two groups according to male and female half,each with five pen.The two groups were fed the same basic diet,while the CM group was provided with300 mg/kg CM powder in the basal diet.After the feeding,the blood of the fattening pig was collected to obtain serum and slaughtered,and the related indexes of growth performance and meat quality were measured.The results are as follows:1.CM have a positive effect on the growth and development of fattening pigs,it can improve the carcass performance of fattening pigs.The slaughter weights of the finishing pigs were 117.16±5.38 kg and 120.36±1.29 kg,respectively.From the perspective of fattening pig carcass traits,CM feed additives evidently reduced the slaughter backfat of fattening pigs（P<0.05）and improved the slaughter rate（P<0.05）.Further more,the whole carcass weight increased by 2.72%after adding CM powder.CM feed additives also increase the economic benefits of fattening pigs.On average,each pig increases the net profit of the farm by 67.73 RMB.The results of serum biochemical indexes of fattening pigs shows that CM feed additives distinctly rise up the level of T-chlo and LDL-c in the pig serum（P<0.05）,markedly inhibited the activity of AST in pig serum（P<0.05）,and significantly improved the serum Alkaline phosphatase activity（P<0.01）.2.CM can improve pork quality.By measuring the meat quality of fattening pigs,it was found that the CM feed additive significantly increased the redness value and marbling score of the longissimus dorsi muscle（P<0.05）,and significantly reduced the shear force value（P<0.05）,indicating that CM can improve the color and tenderness of fattening pork.The frozen section of the longissimus dorsi muscle showed that the area of muscle fibers of the fed with CM was obviously smaller（P<0.05）.and My HC-I muscle fiber mRNA is highly expressed（P<0.05）.It shows that CM may improve the meat quality by promoting the conversion of oxidative muscle fibers.In complementary,the content of tyrosine and total flavor amino acids muscles in CM group distinctly different from the control group（P<0.05）.and CM upgraded the score of essential amino acids,and highly added the content of inosinic acid（IMP）（P<0.01）.3.CM can promote the lipolysis of fat under the skin of fattening pigs,thereby reducing back fat,and improve the antioxidant capacity of the muscles of fattening pigs.CM changed the fatty acid composition in the muscle.Among them,the content of stearic acid(C_18:0)in the longissimus dorsi muscle was significantly reduced（P<0.05）),the content of linolenic acid(C_18:3n-3)increased significantly（P<0.05）.We further found from the slice images of subcutaneous fat cells that the volume of subcutaneous fat cells corresponding to the longissimus dorsi muscle of the CM group was also significantly smaller（P<0.05）.We tested the mRNA expression levels of lipid-related genes in subcutaneous fat and muscle of fattening pigs by q PCR.It was found that the mRNA transport efficiency of lipolytic genes Leptin and ATGL in subcutaneous fat of CM group were distinctly increased（P<0.05）,And the lipolytic genes PPARγ,SCD and lipolytic genes ATGL,HSL,and LPL in muscle were significantly increased（P<0.05）.while the mRNA expression levels of lipolytic genes PPARγ,SCD and lipolytic genes ATGL,HSL,and LPL in muscle of CM group were significantly increased（P<0.05）.Last but not least,CM also improve the level of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in longissimus dorsi of finishing pig.（P<0.05）.In summary,CM feed additives can reduce the back fat of fattening pigs,increase the slaughter rate,improve carcass performance,and increase the economic efficiency of the farm.CM can also improve the color and tenderness of pork,and increase the flavor amino acids and adenosine in the muscles.CM can further improve pork quality by enhance the antioxidant capacity of muscles.Therefore,Cordyceps militaris feed may provide new ideas for the development of better nutrition models and feeding strategies for pig breeding.