Comprehensive Evaluation Of Nutritional Value Of Paper Mulberry,Alfalfa And Oats

In this experiment,the whole plant hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera at flowering stage was selected as the representative of unconventional feed in Shaanxi Province,and compared with oat hay and alfalfa hay.The NRC model,CNCPS system,in vitro rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microbial 16 S rDNA sequencing were used to comprehensively evaluate the nutrition of three kinds of roughages.The value provides a data basis for hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera feed,and also provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for the follow-up evaluation of the nutritional value of unconventional feeds in my country.Test 1: Using NRC model to evaluate the nutritional value of three kinds of roughageThe purpose of this experiment is to study the rumen degradation characteristics of three kinds of roughage raw materials,one unconventional feed(air-dried whole-plant hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera)and two conventional feeds(air-dried oat hay,air-dried alfalfa hay).Three Xinong Saanen dairy goats equipped with permanent rumen fistulas were selected and placed in the rumen of Xinong Saanen dairy goats through the permanent fistula 2 h after morning feeding by the nylon bag method,and cultured in nylon bags.,16,24,48 and 72 hours later,take it out,determine the dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF)rumen degradation rate and effective degradation of 3 kinds of roughage raw materials Rate(ED),according to the NRC model to predict the production of three kinds of forage metabolic protein,including: rumen non-degradable protein(RUP),rumen degradable protein(RDP),cell protein(MCP),small intestine absorbable cell protein(AMCP),Endogenous protein(ECP),small intestine absorbable rumen protein(ARUP),small intestine absorbable endogenous protein(AECP),metabolizable protein(MP),synthesizable bacterial protein(MCPTDNm),total digestible nutrients(TDNm)),the test results are as follows:At 48 h,the DM degradation rate and effective degradation rate of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera were 82.35% and 66.12%,respectively;NDF degradation rate and effective degradation rate were 62.29% and 40.67%,respectively;ADF degradation rate and effective degradation rate were 62.99 and 43.02%,respectively.Both were significantly higher than oat hay and alfalfa hay(P<0.05);at 72 h,the CP degradation rate and effective degradation rate of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera were 89.35% and 65.03%,respectively,and alfalfa hay was 86.35% and 68.53%,both of which were similar and both Significantly higher than oat hay(P<0.05);hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera has the highest rumen RDP,67.02%,but RUP is the lowest,32.98%;alfalfa hay has the highest MP,111.46g/kg;hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera RENB is the closest to 0,Energy nitrogen is relatively balanced.Test 2: Using CNCPS system to evaluate the nutritional value of three kinds of roughageThis experiment measures and analyzes the CNCPS system indicators of three coarse feed ingredients(DM,Ash,CP,EE,ADF,NDF,ADL,SP,ADFIP,NDFIP,NPN,Starch),and calculates CNCPS carbohydrate and protein components respectively,Use CNCPS system to estimate the true digestible nutrients and energy values?of different feeds,including: organic matter digestibility(OMD),digestible nutrients(TND),digestible energy(DE),metabolizable energy(ME),net maintenance energy(NEm),net energy gain(NEg),net milk production(NEL),the test results are as follows:Alfalfa hay has the highest crude protein content of 17.50%,which is 0.42% and3.5% higher than hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera and Oat hay,respectively.The soluble protein of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera accounts for 34.85% of the crude protein,and non-protein nitrogen accounts for 84.22 of the soluble crude protein.%,similar to alfalfa hay;oat hay has the lowest ADL content of 6.26%,which is similar to hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera.Among the carbohydrate components,the contents of the three CB1 are extremely close;the CA content of hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera is as high as 38.69%,which is nearly twice that of oat hay and alfalfa hay,which can be quickly degraded into the body for energy,and the CC content is moderate;the CB2 of oat hay is 67.08%,Much larger than hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera and alfalfa hay,it can slowly degrade into the body for energy.Among the protein components,PB1 of the three feeds were similar,and the hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera was the highest;the hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera PB2 was the lowest at 22.17%,but the highest PB3 was 32.41%,while the alfalfa hay PB2 was the highest at 41.39% and PB3 was only 19.00%.The degradation patterns of true protein in hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera and alfalfa hay are opposite;the PC of the three feeds is similar,and alfalfa hay is relatively lowest;the hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera OMD and TND are the highest,68.17% and 70.38%,and DE,ME,NEm,NEg,NEL are all high For oat hay and alfalfa hay;hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera has the highest RFV,indicating the highest intake of digestible dry matter.Test 3: Evaluation of the nutritional value of three kinds of roughage with in vitro fermentation parameters and 16 S sequencingThe purpose of this experiment is to study the fermentation parameters of three coarse feed ingredients and their effects on rumen microbes.Three Xinong Saanen dairy goats equipped with permanent rumen fistulas were selected,and the in vitro fermentation gas production method was used to determine the feed fermentation parameters(gas production,methane production,p H,ammonia nitrogen,lactic acid,VFA concentration,and various enzyme activities).,And collected rumen fluid at 6 h and 48 h for 16 S sequencing.The test results are as follows:At 48 h,the total gas production,methane production,and lactic acid concentration were all oat hay> hybrid paper mulberry> alfalfa hay.The three feeds had significant differences(P<0.05);the p H value of oat hay was significantly lower than that of hybrid paper mulberry and alfalfa hay,but All in the normal range(P<0.05);the total VFA concentration of oat hay and hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera were significantly higher than that of alfalfa hay(P<0.05);the abundance of hybrid Bacteroides and Prevotaceae was lower than that of oats The hay hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera and alfalfa hay inhibits the utilization of non-fibrous polysaccharides by microorganisms;the abundance of the hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera is higher than that of oat hay and alfalfa hay,which promotes the utilization of fiber substances by microorganisms.TIn summary:(1)Whole hybridization tree DM,CP,NDF,ADF rumen effective degradation rate is 66.12%,65.03%,40.67%,43.02%;RDP,MP is 96.74 g / kg DM,respectively,103.41 g / kg DM,the RENB value is 4.42;TND is 703.74 g / kg DM,DE,ME,NEM,NEG,NEL is 12.99 MJ / kg DM,10.65 MJ / kg DM,6.89 MJ / kg DM,4.34 MJ / KG DM,6.68 MJ / kg DM,RFV is 171.52% DM.(2)The crude protein and crude fiber content of the whole plant is high,and the characteristics of high quality crude feed;the crude protein content and protein degradation rate of hybridized tree are similar to the hay of the alfalfa,and the true protein degradation mode is opposite to the hay,but Hanoihous combination;the crude fiber content of hybrid tree is lower than oatmeal,but the amount of carbohydrate is close to oatmeal,and can be quickly degraded into the body energy supply,and can be used in combination with oat hay;hybrid tree In terms of oatmeal and alfalfa,inhibit the use of rumen microorganisms on non-fibrono,promote the use of tumor gastroid microbes on fiber substances.