Effects Of Bacillius Subtilis And Perilla Seed Extract Supplementation On Growth Performance,Antioxidant Index,Intestinal Health In Weaned Piglets

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of adding Bacillus subtilis(BS)and Perilla seed extract(PSE)to the growth performance,antioxidant index and intestinal health of weaned piglets.The experiment was designed by a 2×2 factor.A total of 96 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned piglets(30±1 day old)were selected and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups,including 6 pens per treatment,4 pigs per pen.The treatments were-BS-PSE group(basic diet);-BS+PSE group(basic diet+1g/kg PSE);+BS-PSE group(basic diet+4×10~9CFU/kg BS);+BS+PSE group(basic diet+4×10~9CFU/kg BS+1g/kg PSE).The test period was 21 d(1)Bacillus subtilis increased the feed utilization rate of piglets at d 1-21(P<0.05).Perilla seed extract increased the feed utilization of piglets at d 15-21(P<0.01).(2)Bacillus subtilis reduced the diarrhea rate of piglets at d 8-14 and d 1-21(P<0.01).(3)Bacillus subtilis increased the villus height of jejunum and ileum(P<0.05),increased villus-to-crypt(P<0.01)and reduced the depth of jejunum crypt of weaned piglets(P<0.05).Perilla seed extract significantly reduced the jejunal crypt depth(P<0.05)and significantly increased the ileal villus height of weaned piglets(P<0.05).When Bacillus subtilis and perilla seed extracts were used in combination,the jejunum villus height,villus-to-crypt ratio and ileal villus height were significantly reduced(P<0.01),and the jejunum crypt depth was increased of weaned piglets(P<0.05).(4)Bacillus subtilis reduced the concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA)in liver and spleen tissue(P<0.05),and increased the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in liver tissue and ileum mucosa(P<0.05).Perilla seed extract reduced the concentrations of MDA in the jejunum mucosa and liver(P<0.05),increased the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in serum on day 21,glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in liver tissue(P<0.05).When Bacillus subtilis and perilla seed extract used in combination,the GSH-Px activity in liver tissue was reduced(P<0.05),and the MDA concentrations in liver and spleen tissues and SOD activity in serum were increased(P<0.05).(5)On d 21,Bacillus subtilis reduced the amount of Escherichia coli in piglet caecal chyme(P<0.05),lowered the level of IL-1βm RNA of ileal mucosal inflammation factor(P<0.05),and increased the level of MUC2 m RNA(P<0.05),while it increased acetic acid content in caecal chyme(P<0.01).Perilla seed extract significantly increased the amount of Lactobacillus in caecal chyme(P<0.05),reduced the level of IL-1βm RNA of ileal mucosal inflammation factor(P<0.05),and increased the relative gene expression of MUC2 and CLDIN-1(P<0.05).When Bacillus subtilis and perilla seed extract used together,it reduced the level of IL-1βm RNA(P<0.05),increased the level of MUC2 m RNA(P<0.05),and increased the amount of E.coli and acetic acid content in caecal chyme(P<0.05).In summary,under the conditions of BS and PSE dosages of 4×10~9CFU/kg and1 g/kg,respectively,the addition of Bacillus subtilis increased the feed utilization rate of piglets and reduced the diarrhea rate of piglets.Adding perilla seed extract improved feed utilization of piglets.The addition of Bacillus subtilis and perilla seed extracts,respectively,could improve the antioxidant capacity of piglets and improve the morphological structure of the jejunum and ileum intestinal mucosa.The mixed use of the two did not improve the antioxidant capacity of the piglets,and did not improve the intestinal mucosa morphology and structure better than when added them alone.