Analysis Of Genetic Structure Of Introgression Lines Of Wild Emmer Wheat Based On Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization And 55K SNP Chip Tang Guan

The original genetic resources of wheat have suffered great erosion in the process of domestication and evolution from their wild ancestors to the cultivation of wheat.The genetic variation of common wheat has become narrow,which severely limits the cultivation and production of new varieties of common wheat.Through distant hybridization,the excellent genes of the wild relatives of wheat can be introduced into common wheat species,thereby broadening their genetic basis.In this study,wild emmer wheat D1 and D97 were used as the male parent and common wheat variety chuannong 16（CN16）as the female parent and the high-generation(F₁₁)strain materials obtained by distant hybridization were used for fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH）and 55K SNP chip analysis.The main experimental results were as follows:1.A clear the karyotype maps of wild emmer wheat D1 and D97 were established using the oligonucleotide probes Oligo-p Sc119.2-1 and Oligo-p Ta535-1 combination and Oligo-713 and Oligo-p Ta-71 combination in fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH）.2.The fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH）analyses shouwed some differences existed in the karyotypes of the two wild emmer genotypes D1 and D97.And,some different FISH signals were detected on the both genomes and B between them and common wheat culitivar CN16 in sptite of the highly similar karyotypes.Randomly selected 31 hybrid offspring lines derived from CN16 crossed by both the wild emmer D1 and D97,were investigated by FISH,and the results revealed that some chromosome fragments of wild emmer wheat were successfully integrated in some hybrid offspring.3.Through 55K SNP chip analysis,it was found that the difference in SNPs between wild emmer wheat D1 and D97 was within 20%on each chromosome.The difference in SNPs between the wild emmer wheat D1,D97 and Chuannong 16 was more than 40%on the A as well as B genome,and the differences on the B genome was higher than those on the A genome.It implied that the A and B genomes of wild emmer wheat might not be simply equal to those of common wheat.SNP analysis suggested that all of the randomly selected 31 hybrid offspring lines derived from common wheat CN16 crossed by both the wild emmer D1 and D97 had chromosomes fragments of wild emmer wheat on each chromosome in different to some extent.Among them,the 19 tested hybrid offspring of D1and CN16 averaged at 22.18%having the chromosome fragments from the wild emmer D1,and the 12 hybrid offspring of D97 and CN16 averaged at 23.02%possesseing the chromosome fragments from D97.These results revealed that the genetic materials of wild emmer wheat could be effectively introduced into common wheat through distant hybridization which could produce abundant genetic recombination of the chromosomes between wild emmer wheat and common wheat.4.55K SNP chip analysis suggeseted some chromosome fragments of wild emmer wheats were transferred to all the hybrid offsprings.A total of 6 and 22 chromosome fragments of D1 and D97 were integrated to all of the 19 and 12 tested randomlyhybrid offspring,respectively.It is speculated that there might be a selection implication effect in the selection and breeding of the hybrid offspring of D1 and D97.