| This research takes the winter jujube cultivated in the warm shed,cold shed and open field cultivation in the 17 Lian ba Mountain Forestry in the 11th Regiment of the First Division,by conducting experiments and research,analyzed and compared the changes of environmental factors needed for winter jujube cultivation and open field cultivation,and the influence of facility environmental factors on the phenological period,fruit quality and yield economic benefits of winter jujube,provide basis for facility cultivation of winter jujube.Research indicates:(1)During the whole growth and development period of winter jujube,the highest temperature for facility cultivation and open field cultivation both appeared in July.The relative humidity of the facility cultivation and the relative humidity of the open field are basically the same,in a year,the change trend of temperature and relative humidity is opposite.(2)From January to March,the temperature of protected cultivation is basically the same as that of open field cultivation,facility cultivation will reach the highest daily temperature at 15:00-16:00 in the afternoon,reach the lowest daily temperature between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning,the highest temperature appeared about 2 hours earlier than the open field,the highest temperature for open field cultivation occurs between 17:00 and 18:00 in the afternoon.Compared with the open field temperature,the temperature in the facility increased significantly from February to February.In January,the relative humidity of the warm shed is higher than that of the cold shed and the open field,the relative humidity of cold shed and open field is basically close;The relative humidity in February is cold shed>warm shed>open field;The relative humidity in the cold shed is highest in March,the humidity of the greenhouse is second only to that of the open field.(3)The average temperature during the germination period of winter jujube in protected cultivation is15.35℃～15.82℃,night temperature 7.40℃～7.72℃,the daytime temperature is 24.74℃～25.39℃.The average temperature during the budding period in the open field is 23.36℃,the average temperature at night is 17.43℃,the average temperature during the day is 30.36℃.The budding temperature of winter jujube in the open field is higher than that in the facility.The average relative humidity of winter jujube in the warm shed during the budding period is 37.21%,the cold shed is 84.45%,the open area is 35.10%,the average relative humidity during the budding period was cold shed>warm shed>open field.(4)Facility cultivation advances the phenological period of winter jujube.The phenological period of winter jujube in the warm shed appears the earliest,followed by the cold shed,and the latest in the open field,facility cultivation prolongs the flowering period and fruit growth period of winter jujube,and postponed the deciduous period.Compared with the open field winter jujube,the warm shed winter dates mature 30-45 days in advance,cold shed winter jujube mature 30 days in advance.(5)The suitable flowering temperature of winter jujube is between 21.69℃～24.87℃,the relative humidity is 39.66%～51.80%.The average temperature of winter jujube in the young fruit period varies between 24.72℃～26.76℃,the average relative humidity ranges from 56.99% to 64.61%.The average temperature in the mature period is 22.01℃～27.33℃,the relative humidity ranges from 62.44% to 75.73%.Facility cultivation keeps the winter jujube in the suitable range of each growth period,conducive to the growth and development of winter jujube,make winter jujube mature in advance.(6)The single fruit weight of winter jujube cultivated in facility is 16.44g～18.04 g,single fruit weight of open field winter jujube is 19.09 g.When the winter jujube is half red,the total sugar content of winter jujube in facility cultivation is higher than that in open field cultivation,When the winter jujube is full red,the total sugar content is cold shed>open field>warm shed.During the half-red and full-red dates of winter jujube,the sugar-acid ratio of the protected winter jujube is greater than that of the open field cultivation,the titratable acid,vitamin C and protein content of winter jujube in the open field were higher than those in winter jujube in the facility.(7)Although the weight of single fruit in facility cultivation is less than that of open field winter jujube,but the average fruit hanging ratio per plant is greater than that in the open field,the yield per plant is higher than that in the open field,the yield per mu of the warm shed,cold shed and open field are2178 kg,2877kg and 1746 kg respectively.The input cost of facility cultivation is 2 to 3 times that of the open field,winter jujube is relatively early on the market,the market price is higher than the open field,the output value per mu reaches 7.19 to 87,100 yuan,the economic benefit is higher than that of open field cultivation. |
