| Passiflora edulis Sims is a perennial vine,and also a tropical and subtropical processing fruit.It has high economic value,medicinal value and edible value,and has broad prospects for development and utilization.In order to promote the development of Passiflora edulis industry,improve its yield and quality,and achieve high yield and quality.In this study,different types of pruning,fertilization,foliar fertilizer spraying,fruit thinning and artificial pollination were used to study the growth,yield,fruit setting and fruit quality of Passiflora edulis,and the results are as follows:(1)Pruning Experiment: Tainong No.1 Passiflora edulis was used as experimental materials,among all the pruning experiments,when the length of the 2 grade vine was between 200～280 cm and 10 leaves are reserved,the main stem of the plant was better,the light intensity around the plant was better,and the fruit preservation rate and yield are higher.Compared with the control,the light intensity of trunk and four sides was higher,the fruit preservation rate was 70.72%,increased by 18.14%,the fruit yield was 89.20,and the yield increase rate was 25.76%.In general,the pruning of Passiflora edulis should be between 200～280 cm in the length of grade 2 vines,with 10 leaves retained,and then combined with thinning branches to achieve good pruning effect.(2)Fertilization experiment: Purple fragrance and golden Passiflora edulis were used as experimental materials,the analysis of the growth of ramulus and fruit quality showed that fertilization treatment promoted the growth and fruit quality of plants.The growth fertilizer applied 170 g of high-concentration potassium sulfate compound fertilizer(15-15-15)and 35 g of urea to each plant,and each plant of flower fertilizer was applied with high concentration potassium sulfate nitrogen compound fertilizer(17-17-17)200 g and 0.3% potassium phosphate,and each strong fruit fertilizer was treated with high concentration potassium sulfate nitrate.The nitrogen compound fertilizer(17-17-17)400 g can significantly promote the growth of the ramulus,increase the yield and increase the yield of the commodity fruit rate.The average length of branches under this fertilization treatment was 95.80 cm and 93.33 cm(purple fragrance Passiflora edulis and golden Passiflora edulis),which increased by 30.75% and 24.22% compared with the control.The yield of this treatment was also the largest,with increased rates of 25.52% and 34.71%(purple fragrance Passiflora edulis and golden Passiflora edulis),in terms of commercial fruit rate,the proportion of supergrade fruit was larger,64.71% and 76.47%(purple fragrance Passiflora edulis and golden Passiflora edulis),45.10% and 29.41% higher than that of the control.(3)Experiment on spraying foliar fertilizer: Purple fragrance and golden Passiflora edulis were used as experimental materials,the analysis of leaf quality,yield and fruit quality showed that fertilization on leaf surface could improve the quality of leaves,increase yield and improve fruit quality.Among them,the most significant effect was spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer.The average leaf area and average leaf thickness were 24.33%,49.06% and 29.12%,56.25%(purple fragrance Passiflora edulis and golden Passiflora edulis)higher than those of the control group,respectively.The yield increased 43.51% and 29.64%(purple fragrance Passiflora edulis and golden Passiflora edulis)higher than that of the control group,and the quality of fruit was significantly improved by spraying potassium phosphate.In terms of commercial fruit rate,the supergrade fruit rate was 17.65% and 70.59%(purple fragrance Passiflora edulis and golden Passiflora edulis),the first-class fruit rate was 66.67% and 13.73%(purple fragrance Passiflora edulis and golden Passiflora edulis).The quantity of high-quality fruit was large and the commodity value was high.Based on the comprehensive analysis,spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer at least 3 times during the floral and fruit stage had the best effect on the leaves and fruits of Passiflora edulis.(4)Fruit thinning experiment: Tainong No.1 Passiflora edulis was used as experimental materials,in the study of fruit thinning,it was found that fruit thinning could improve fruit quality.Among them,the commercial fruit rate was higher and effect was better when 8 fruits were left on the vine of grade 2～3 bearing fruit.The special fruit rate was 29.41%,the first fruit rate was 43.14%,and the effect was better when 10 fruits were left on the vine of Grade 2～3 bearing fruit.(5)Artificial pollination experiment: Tainong No.1,purple fragrance and golden Passiflora edulis were used as experimental materials,through the analysis of artificial pollination fruit setting of Passiflora edulis,it was found that each treatment had a promoting effect on fruit setting,and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate had the best effect.The fruit setting rates of the three varieties was the highest,which were 70.67%,62.00% and 61.33%,respectively,which were 59.81%,14.81% and 15.00% higher than that of the control.It is to spray solution of 10% white sugar first next,reuse writing brush sticks pollen to pollinate promote the effect of fruit of base all right. |
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