Study On Flight Ability And Trap Monitoring And Disorientation Technology Of Field Population Of Three Fruit Borers In Xinjiang Fragrant Pear Orchards

Cydia pomonella,Grapholitha molesta and Euzophera pyriella Yang are important fruit borers of fragrant pear orchard in Xinjiang region,which seriously damages pear,apple,peach,apricot,plum,jujube and other fruit trees,resulting in the decline of fruit yield and quality.Their some adaptable characteristics such as hidden habitat,boring damage,strong stress resistance to adversity bring great difficulties to effective management and pose a serious threat to the sustainable development of forest and fruit industry.In this paper,the flight abilities of three fruit tree moths were compared by indoor and outdoor experiments,and the trapping mechanism of field population monitoring of three fruit tree moths were discussed.The results are as follows:1.The G.molesta had five generations a year,C.pomonella and E.pyriella had four generations respectively.G.molesta overwintering adults concentrated in the middle of April,the first generation adults concentrated in the first and middle of June,the second generation adults concentrated in the middle of July,the third generation adults concentrated in the middle of August,and the fourth generation adults concentrated in the first ten days of September.The overwintering adults of C.pomonella were concentrated in late April,the first generation in early and middle June,the second generation in mid July and the third generation in mid August.The overwintering adults of E.pyriella were concentrated in late April,the first generation in mid June,the second generation in late July and the third generation in mid and late August.2.The three main fruit moths in Xinjiang all have certain flight ability,which increases first and then decreases with the change of age.The flight ability of 3-day-old C.pomonella,4-day-old E.pyriella and 5-day-old G.molesta was the best.There was almost no difference in flight ability between C.pomonella male and female adults.The flight ability of G.molesta female was higher than that of male,and that of E.pyriella male was higher than that of female.The flight ability of C.pomonella and E.pyriella virgin adults was higher than that of the mating adults,while that of the G.molesta virgin males was lower than that of the mating males.There was no significant difference between the G.molesta virgin females and the mating females.The flight ability of the adults of the three fruit tree moths was different in different age,sex and mating state.The order of flight capability was as follows E.pyriella Yang,C.pomonella and G.molesta.3.The daily activity time of the overwintering generation of E.pyriella was 18:00-4:00,mainly concentrated in 20:00-0:00;the daily activity time of the first and second generation of E.pyriella was 20:00-8:00,mainly concentrated in 22:00-0:00;the daily activity time of the third generation of E.pyriella was 20:00-6:00,mainly concentrated in 22:00-0:00.The correlation of different meteorological factors on the population quantity of E.pyriella was different,which comprehensively affected the occurrence law of adult population in each generation.The results showed that temperature and sunshine duration were the main meteorological factors affecting the occurrence of the overwintering generation and the third generation of E.pyriella,while temperature,humidity and sunshine duration were the main meteorological factors affecting the occurrence of the first and second generation of E.pyriella.4.The several kinds of traps have a certain trapping effect on G.molesta and C.pomonella,among which the ship type flat viscose trap has the best trapping effect,followed by the water basin trap,but the difference was not significant;the green and blue water basin traps have the best trapping effect on G.molesta and C.pomonella When the height of trap was 1.5 m,the trapping effect of C.pomonella and G.molesta was the best.However,when the height of trap was 1.5 m and 2.0 m,there was no significant difference in trapping G.molesta and C.pomonella,but it was significantly better than that when the height of trap was1.0 m;the effect of trapping G.molesta and C.pomonella in the West and North was significantly better than that in the East and south,in which the number of G.molesta in the North was the largest and the effect was the best,while that in the West was the best The number of C.pomonella is the most,and the effect is the best;the more the number of decoys,the better the trapping effect,but the effect of one or two decoys to trap G.molesta and C.pomonella is not significant.In fragrant pear orchard,the correct and rational use of C.pomonella and G.molesta sex trapping techniques can effectively control the two fruit borers.5.The disorientation rates of 600,900 and 1200/hm~2treatment were above 94%,and the effects of compound disorientation were better than that of the control.The results showed that on July 10 and August 10,the fruit borer rates of 600,900 and 1200/hm~2treatments were0.50%,0.25%,0.13%and 0.38%,0.25%,0.13%respectively,which were significantly lower than those of the control,and the control effect was more obvious with time.In conclusion,the use of sex pheromone on C.pomonella and G.molesta compound interference control has a good effect,and has the advantage of environmental friendliness.Considering the cost,it was recommended that the field use of sex pheromone adhesive strip 900/hm~2.The results provide important theoretical basis and scientific guidance for the prediction,green prevention and control of the three fruit bores.