Effect Of Water And Fertilizer Synergetic Management On Potato Growth In Semi Arid Area And Its Application Strategy

Moisture is a key restricting factor for crop growth in semi-arid areas;under the condition of sufficient moisture,lack of fertilizer often leads to the failure of normal crop yield potential.The two factors of water and fertilizer have a synergistic effect.This experiment uses a multi-factor single-level randomized block experiment design method to explore the effects of water and fertilizer collaborative management mode on potato growth from the perspectives of potato plant height,stem thickness,dry matter accumulation,yield and commercial potato rate.The results analyzed and explained the main problems in the promotion of water and fertilizer collaborative management technology,and gave targeted countermeasures.The main findings are as follows:1)The water and fertilizer collaborative management model based on the improvement of the traditional water and fertilizer model has improved the plant height and stem thickness of potatoes to a certain extent.Among them,the average plant height and adult plant height of different experimental groups have increased,and the average stem thickness and adult plant stem thickness are also larger than those of the control group.2)The water and fertilizer collaborative management model based on the improvement of the traditional water and fertilizer model has increased the dry matter accumulation of potatoes.The change trend of dry matter accumulation in different organs of potato shows that the accumulation of potato plants based on traditional water and fertilizer model is not as high as the cooperative management model,and the dry matter accumulation of the most important organ tuber is much higher in the experimental group than in the control group.3)Taking into account the soil environment of Jingbian County and the experimental results of this experiment,the irrigation volume per mu is 80%of the conventional irrigation volume(that is,the total amount of drip irrigation during the whole growth period is 253 m3/666.67m2),and the total amount of nitrogen and potassium is used The fertilizer is 80%of the conventional(that is,the integrated fertilization amount of water and fertilizer during the whole growth period is 80%of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer used in conventional fertilization;N:12.88 kg/mu,P2O5:11.9kg/mu,K2O:17.92 kg/mu)The current water and fertilizer collaborative management model is more conducive to efficient potato planting and income increase.It can save 20%of irrigation water and 20%of the total amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer while increasing the yield by 47.15%.The effect is ideal and significant.4)Under the water and fertilizer cooperative management mode,the fertilizer is a soluble fertilizer mixed in drip irrigation water.The test results show that the water and fertilizer conditions with the highest yield and commercial potato rate are not a simple superposition of the optimal fertilizer conditions and the optimal irrigation conditions.Water and fertilizer are applied together in a coordinated manner.There is an interaction in the process.5)The water and fertilizer collaborative management model can effectively save water and fertilizer,and realize the overall increase in output and commodity rate while ensuring the output of the traditional water and fertilizer model and the rate of commercial potatoes.6)In the different irrigation and fertilization conditions,a condition that has a significant increase in total yield was selected,and the second-order polynomial fitting relationship between yield,fertilization,and irrigation was established under this condition,and the fitting results were good,Which shows that the collaborative management method of water and fertilizer based on automatic drip irrigation facilities can ensure the increase of yield under the conditions of saving 20%of irrigation water and 10-20%of fertilizer application compared with traditional farming methods.7)On the basis of completing the experiment and analysis,summarized and analyzed the problems existing in the promotion and application of the current water and fertilizer collaborative management technology based on automatic drip irrigation equipment,and gave corresponding countermeasures based on the analysis and positioning of the problems,including strengthening the Targeted basic research on water and fertilizer collaborative management technology,led by the government to increase investment in promotion and publicity,grasp the thinking of farmers,and carry out promotion work skillfully.