Design And Experimental Study Of Horizontal Walnut Peeling Machine

The mature period of walnuts is relatively concentrated and it is difficult to peel.With these characters,it is easy to mildew and debase the quality if it is not peeled in time after harvest.At present,the traditional walnut peeling methods are still applied in actual processing,such as pile fermentation method or manual cutting.Researchers designed peeling equipments inevitably to reduce peeling labor intensity.However,most of the peeling equipments are evenly with small production scales,intermittent processing,low production efficiency,and failed to achieve batch continuous processing,which has became a main technical obstacles playing restrictions on the development of walnut industry and peasants’ income growth.In view of the above problems,a horizontal green walnut peeling machine with strong versatility has been designed,which can be used in the batch continuous processing production line.This paper mainly studied through the following aspects as follow:(1)Taking the main varieties walnut in Xinjiang as experimental materials,appearance characteristics,fruit composition and posture of green walnut had been obtained preliminary.The physical characteristics of green walnut,such as shape size,sphericity and green skin thickness had been measured,and the distribution law of short diameter size of green walnut had been determined.The relationship between cracking force and displacement,the phenomenon of cracking and range of extrusion force under different extrusion direction,extrusion speed,walnut size and pretreatment were obtained by mechanical properties test.Based on testing results of the physical and mechanical characteristics of green walnut,through comparing of three peeling methods,combined with the theory of mechanical design,using the principle of extrusion friction,the structure of peeling channel composed of chain plate conveyor belt with blade and steel wire brush was adopted,and the scheme of horizontal green walnut peeling machine had been determined.The structure and mechanism of the brush,clearance adjusting mechanism of the peeling channel,the angle adjusting mechanism of the peeling channel,the chain plate conveying mechanism,the blade and the arrangement of the blade were designed.The main shaft,the productivity of peeling machine and the related parameters of motor reducer were calculated and designed.(2)Using digital prototype technology,three-dimensional models of the key parts of the prototype,including the brush structure and mechanism,blade and blade mounting plate,chain plate conveying mechanism and the whole machine,were established to test the interference of the prototype.The static simulation analysis of the key parts of the prototype blade and blade mounting plate was carried out by finite element ANSYS workbench software,and the modal analysis of blade and blade mounting plate and brush was carried out.The feasibility and rationality of the design were verified theoretically,and the prototype was made.(3)Through the prototype test,the influences of walnut varieties,physical properties,maturity,peeling technology,peeling structure and principle on green walnut peeling were analyzed.Through the test of key parts of the peeling machine,the structural parameters were optimized.Finally,the performance of horizontal green walnut peeling machine was tested and analyzed by single factor experiments including different peeling clearance,peeling angle,feeding rate and spindle speed.The parameter range of controllable factors affecting the rate of green walnut peeling and broken fruit was determined.The parameters of horizontal green walnut peeling machine were optimized by orthogonal test,and the optimal combination of parameters was obtained,which provided theoretical accordance for the research of horizontal green walnut peeling machine.