| In order to explore what kind of farming patterns and which planting years are beneficial to the improvement of soil structure and soil quality in this area,five farming patterns such as jujube orchard,jujube wheat intercropping,jujube in wasteland,wheat and wasteland and threee planting years(5a,10 a,15a)of jujube orchard and jujube wheat intercropping in Kizile Town,Wensu County,Aksu were taken as the research object.Among them,the jujube orchard and the jujube wheat intercropping were formed after farmland conversion,jujube in wasteland were cultivated after reclamation of wasteland,wheat and wasteland were used as control plots.To study the impact of the conversion of farmland or wasteland into jujube orchard or jujube wheat intercropping,and the impact of jujube orchard or jujube wheat intercropping with different planting years on the soil physical and chemical properties,and evaluated the soil quality in this study area.The main results were as follows:(1)After the farmland was converted into jujube orchard or jujube wheat intercropping and the wasteland was converted into jujube orchard,the soil bulk density was decreased,the soil porosity and water content was increased,the three phases of the soil showed an increase in gas and liquid phases,and a decrease in solid phase;Conductivity was reduced after being converted from farmland to jujube orchard or jujube wheat intercropping,and increased after being converted from wasteland to jujube orchard;The content of soil aggregates >0.25 mm increased significantly(p<0.05),the soil MWD and the content of soil organic matter also showed an increase;The soil p H performance increased after the conversion of farmland into jujube orchard or jujube wheat intercropping,and decreased after the conversion from wasteland to jujube orchard.(2)With the increase of planting years,soil bulk density was decreased and soil porosity were increased;soil water content was reached the maximum in 10 a jujube orchard and 15 a jujube wheat intercropping;soil conductivity reached the highest value in 15 a jujube orchard and 10 a jujube wheat intercropping: The change of the three phases of soil showed a trend that the solid phase ratio and liquid phase first increase and then decrease,and the gas phase first decreases and then increases;The soil aggregates were mainly composed of 2-0.25 mm middle aggregates;the soil organic matter content was roughly 15a>10a>5a;the soil p H is 15a>10a>5a in the jujube orchard,and 5a>15a>10a in the jujube wheat intercropping.(3)In this study,the factor analysis method was used to screen out soil water stability> 2mm aggregates,soil water stability 2-0.25 mm aggregates,soil conductivity and soil mechanical stability2-0.25 mm aggregates as evaluation indicators to evaluate soil quality.The analysis found that the land quality index of jujube orchards and jujube wheat intercropping with different planting years were significantly higher than that of farmland and wasteland(p<0.05).Among the three years of 5a,10 a,and15a,the soil quality of 15 a jujube orchard was the best. |
