A Preliminary Study On The Comparison Of Benefits Of Different Planting Patterns And The Differences Of Soil Physical And Chemical Properties In Pujiang County Based On The Rectification Of Grape Fields

In recent years,Pujiang County comprehensive push forward "non-grain" rectification action.With the rapid development of the grape industry in Pujiang County,a large area of grapes are planted in the farmland,and the liquidation of grape cash crops in the functional areas of food production has become an important work of "non-grain" regulation in Pujiang County.It is an important subject for the study of "non-grain" remediation in Pujiang County to analyze and study the sustainable planting pattern which can obtain high benefits and improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and soil microorganisms.In this paper,we studied the differences of economic benefits,soil physical and chemical properties,microbial communities and abundance under three different planting patterns in Pujiang grape field.The results show that:1、Among the three planting modes,grape planting cost is the highest,rice planting cost is the lowest,and rice duck and fish planting cost is between the two.The net income per mu under grape planting mode is the highest,followed by the ecological planting of rice duck and fish,and the net income of rice planting is the lowest.Under different planting modes,the influence degree of each factor on the cost and income of planting is different.The rice planting mode is: land cost > per mu yield > labor cost > unit sales price > fertilizer cost > pesticide cost > machinery and equipment cost.Grape planting mode: land cost > per mu yield > labor cost > fertilizer cost > unit sales price > other costs > machinery and equipment cost > pesticide cost;Rice duck and fish planting mode: land cost >per mu yield > other costs > labor cost > unit price of sales > machinery and equipment cost.From the perspective of soil sustainable development,the Rice-Duck-Fish planting pattern was significantly superior to the grape planting pattern in terms of soil Physical and chemical properties.Grape planting will aggravate soil acidification,which is not conducive to the accumulation of soil available P and available K.Rice-Duck-Fish cultivation could effectively reduce soil acidification caused by grape cultivation,significantly improve soil water retention and nutrient absorbency,and facilitate the accumulation of soil moisture,organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium,total nitrogen and hydrolytic nitrogen.2、From the perspective of soil sustainable development,the Rice-Duck-Fish planting pattern was significantly superior to the grape planting pattern in terms of soil physical and chemical properties.Grape planting will aggravate soil acidification,which is not conducive to the accumulation of soil available P and available K.Rice-Duck-Fish cultivation could effectively reduce soil acidification caused by grape cultivation,significantly improve soil water retention and nutrient absorbency,and facilitate the accumulation of soil moisture,organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium,total nitrogen and hydrolytic nitrogen.3 、 There were significant differences in Shannon index between grape planting mode and Rice-Duck-Fish planting mode.The dominant bacteria in soil were similar,but the soil microbial structure was significantly different.Compared with the grape planting model,the Rice-Duck-Fish planting model showed an increase in the abundance of microbial communities such as Acidobacteriota,Crenarchaeota and Bacteroidota,and a decrease in the abundance of microbial communities such as Chloroflexi.There was a correlation between the abundance of soil microbial communities and soil physical and chemical properties,and the two interacted to improve soil fertility.To sum up,despite the significant economic benefits of grape planting,the Rice-Duck-Fish planting mode under the background of "non-grain" regulation has strong comparative advantages in economic benefits,as well as more significant ecological benefits and low cost advantages.The "non-grain" regulation of grape planting in Pujiang County is feasible and conducive to the sustainable development of green agriculture.