Study On Biological Characteristics And ISSR Identification Of Red Fuji Short Shoot Budding

In this study,9 red Fuji budding materials were used as objects,and the main varieties“Nagafu2#”and“Xinhong1#”in Xinjiang as control,the biological characteristics,flower bud morphological differentiation and photosynthetic characteristics of red Fuji budding materials were compared and analyzed,and ISSR molecular markers were used to identify the budding materials,so as to provide scientific basis for the selection of excellent bud mutants of Red Fuji.The main results of this study are as follows:（1）The phenological periods of flowering,branching and leaf spreading and fruiting were basically the same.The internode length of“N-1”annual shoots was significantly shorter,and the value of sharpness and relative coarseness was larger.The fruit characters of“N-1”were better than“Xinhong1#”in terms of single fruit weight（253.18 g）,soluble sugar content（12.76%）and reducing sugar content（2.79 mg/100g）.（2）The Pn and the blade thickness,Tr,Gs,and WUE of each feed material are significantly or very significantly positive correlation（P<0.01）,and the length of the blade,Ci,single leaf weight,blade length,and leaf area.Related relationships,where the Gs correlation coefficient is most,0.704,indicating that Gs has a Gseater impact on Pn.The Trend of Pn changes in each test material is“double peak”,showing obvious photosynthetic“lunch break”phenomenon,of which“N-1”has a higher peak,14.16μmol·m^-2·s^-1respectively and 12.04μmol·m^-2·S^-1 can perform efficient photosynthesis.“N-1”Tr peak is also high,8.64mmol·m^-2·s^-1,indicating that the water can be fully utilized,showing strong droughtable capacity,followed by“N-3”,and“Nagafu2#”is the weakest drought capacity.（3）The flower bud morphologic differentiation of each material can be divided into 6 stages,namely undifferentiated stage,early differentiation stage,sepal differentiation stage,petal differentiation stage,stamen differentiation stage and pistil differentiation stage,and there is no clear dividing line between each differentiation stage,there will be cross and overlap phenomenon,each stage has its unique characteristics.First began to flower bud differentiation was“N-1”,“N-2”,“N-3”,“N-4”and“N-6”,the most by the late start of the“N-7”,“N-8”,“N-9”and“Nagafu2#”.In the process of flower bud differentiation,the undifferentiated stage and the initial stage of differentiation accounted for the largest proportion of time,and the pistil differentiation stage took the shortest time,which was about 25 days.（4）The identification results of budding materials showed that the budding materials could be accurately identified from“Nagafu2#”and“Xinhong1#”by the bands amplified by single primer（UBC899）,which indicated that 9 red Fuji budding materials had obvious genetic variation with“Nagafu2#”and“Xinhong1#”.Through the comprehensive comparison of biological characteristics,leaf characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics and flower bud morphological differentiation,the bud transformation of“N-1”showed the advantages of short internodes,high fruit setting rate,fruit surface stripes and good fruit quality.it is a spur-shaped red bud with excellent character.