Study On Multi-function Management Model Based On Forest Naturalness

Respecting nature,protecting nature and insisting on the harmonious coexistence between man and nature are the main melody of ecological civilization construction in the new era.With the development of society,in China,People’s demand for forest is no longer a single use of wood or access to forest products,but more to the pursuit of forest ecological value.The demand of human beings has promoted the rapid popularization and practice of the multi-functional forest management model.This research takes the state-owned forest farm as the concrete object,through the concrete investigation and analysis explores the suitable multi-function management pattern of the forest farm.In this paper,the method of sample plot survey was used to understand the stand status of forest farm,and combined with the data of forest resources survey,through principal component analysis,entropy method and Comprehensive Evaluation Index,a set of evaluation system of forest naturalness degree is constructed,and forest naturalness degree is taken as an important reference factor for forest farm management division,the dominant and auxiliary functions of the forest are determined according to the management objective in order to determine the corresponding management mode for the multi-function of the forest.Forest farm generally refers to the unit engaged in forest management,cultivation,cutting and other work.China’s state-owned forest farms account for a relatively high proportion of China’s forest region is the basic organizational unit.The state-owned forest farm selected for this study was Paiya Mountain Forest Farm in Dong People Miao Autonomous County,Jingzhou Miao and Dong Autonomous County,Hunan Province.Through a series of field investigation,model construction and data analysis,the multi-function management mode of forest farm is finally studied.The main results are as follows:(1)the index system of forest naturalness is established and the value of naturalness is calculated,an evaluation system consisting of 14 indexes,including community structure,age group,elevation,humus thickness,canopy density,average age,average dbh,average tree height,tree volume per hectare,tree coverage,herb coverage,Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson Index and Pielou Index,was established by principal component analysis,at the same time,the entropy method is used to calculate the weight of each index.Finally,the naturalness value of each plot is calculated with the Comprehensive Evaluation Index.(2)the evaluation result of forest naturalness degree of Forest Farm is:in 155 sample plots of forest farm,26 sample plots are in "Artificial" degree of naturalness,accounting for 16.77%,49 sample plots are in "Near artificial" degree of naturalness,accounting for 31.61%,sixty-four plots were rated as "Far from nature",accounting for 41.29%,seven plots were rated as "Semi-nature",accounting for 4.52%,and nine plots were rated as "Near nature",accounting for 5.81%.On the whole,the naturalness of the forest farm is in the state of“Far-from-nature".At the same time,it was found that the value of forest naturalness was positively correlated with Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson Index and Pielou Index.(3)according to the result of natural degree evaluation,combining with the factors of roads,water area,village farmland,forest origin,slope and forest type,the forest farm area was divided into ecological public welfare forest protection and Operation Area,ecological services as the leading function of the dual-use forest management area,forest product production as the leading function of the dual-use forest management area,commercial forest intensive management area.According to the different stand conditions,the following multi-functional management models were studied:1 mixed model of conifer and broadleaf;2 introduction of native tree species into plantation;3 tending management model of mixed conifer and broadleaf;4 low-intensity selective cutting model of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest,5 model of selective cutting promoting regeneration of natural mixed forest,6 model of conservation and management of ancient and famous trees.