Seed Vigor Comparison Of Reciprocal Crosses Hybrid On Maize Inbred Lines

Seed vigor was reflected in the germination rate,emergence rate,dry matter quality and stress resistance.Seeds with high vigor has the characteristics of strong seedling,fast and regular growth,it’s important to breed hybrid with high seed vigor in order to solve the growth period stress which caused by the environment and also increase production.Therefore,it has certain reference value for the selection of high vigour seeds in reciprocal crosses hybrid on maize to study the difference in seed vigour of reciprocal crossed hybrid on maize.In this study,seed vigour of reciprocal crosses hybrid on maize was analyzed which were configurated with twelve representative maize inbred lines,the reciprocal crosses hybrid were designed with five inbred lines in the Tangsipingtou group as the main parents.Also,the physiological and genetic characteristics was analysed in order to figured out the reason for the difference of seed vigour of reciprocal crosses hybrid on maize.Here are the main results of our study:1.Seed vigour has significant reciprocal effect and maternal effect.The difference of seed vigour on reciprocal crosses of maize was discussed in our study and found out that65%-75%of the reciprocal crosses have significant difference in seed vigour.Simultaneously,72%-81%of the reciprocal crosses have significant difference in seed vigour which was combined by the inbreed line between different heterosis group.Also,the seed vigour of reciprocal crosses was significantly maternal effect through the correlation analysis of parents and the reciprocal crosses.2.The correlation of the reciprocal crosses combinations which were harvested form Tai’an and Sanya was analyzed between seed vigour,hundred kernel weight,the chemical composition of seed and the rate of total material conversion.The correlation analysis showed that the Seed Vigour of reciprocal crosses hybrid on maize was a significantly positive correlation between Dry Weight per Seedling,Total Reserve Conversion Rate and Germination Index.Dry Weight per Seedling showed a significantly positive correlation between Hundred Kernel Weight,Absolute Content of Protein,Absolute Content of Oil and Absolute Content of Starch.3.There is a close relationship between the dry weight per seedling and dry weight of seed embryo in reciprocal crosses of maize.The difference analysis between dry weight per seedling and kernel characters of reciprocal crosses hybrid of maize found that there was a close relationship between the dry weight per seedling and dry weight of seed embryo in maize reciprocal cross combination,the combination with different dry weight of embryo also had significantly different in dry weight per seedling,and the higher the dry weight of embryo,the higher the dry weight per seedling.4.The difference in seed embryo dry weight is closely related to the expression of related genes and the difference in hydrolase activity.According to the result of the determination of enzyme activity and the relative expression ofα-AMY and CCP1.The activity of alpha-amylase and cysteine proteinase was significantly different when the significant different had been found in dry weight of embryo,meanwhile,the relative expression ofα-AMY and CCP1showed significantly different when the dry weight per seedling had significantly different.5.The analysis of the yield results shows that there is a significant difference in the yield of the reciprocal crosses on maize at the F_0.01 level.The reciprocal crosses hybrid on maize had higher yield which had higher dry weight per seedling.Therefore,selecting hybrid seeds with higher dry weight per plant in the combination of reciprocal crosses were conducive to obtaining high-yield and stable-yielding hybrids.