Identification And Comparative Analysis Of Prolamin Gene Family Of Thinopyrum Elongatum

Prolamins are unique to Gramineae and closely related to human diet.Although the Thinopyrum elongatum of Elytrigia genus has been shown to carry some genes with excellent performance,little is known about its prolamin genes.In addition,as a high-quality resource for wheat breeding and improvement,their relationship with Triticum needs to be further explored.In this research,we identified and annotated these prolamin genes in Th.elongatum genome,elaborated their characteristics and evolutionary relationships between Th.elongatum and common wheat(AABBDD),T.urartu(AA)and Aegilops tauschii(DD)of Triticum by bioinformatics,transcriptome datas.Then,we showed the expression profiles of these genes.In addition,the quality of some diploid substitution(DS)lines of wheat-Th.elonagatum was tested by kneading experiment.The main results are as follows:1.A total of 19 alpha-gliadin genes,9 gamma-gliadin genes,19 omega-gliadin genes,2HMW-glutenin subunit(HMW-GS)genes and 5 LMW-GS genes were annotated but no beta-gliadin genes were found in Th.elongatum.In terms of single genome,Th.elongatum has the highest number of genes and pseudogene rate in gliadin gene families of researched species.A common feature among the four species is that alpha-gliadin family has the largest number of genes.2.Microsynteny analysis showed an inversion of Gli-1 and Glu-3 loci on chromosome1 B of common wheat,and the loss of an omega-gliadin locus on chromosome 1D of common wheat and Ae.tauschii and chromosome 1A of T.urartu.Among A,B,D and E genome,the E genome of Th.elongatum is the closest to the B genome of wheat,and the D genome is the closest to the A genome.The original classification method of LMW glutenin was improved.3.The distribution of celiac disease is genome specific and only DQ8-glia-alpha1/DQ8.5-glia-alpha1 was found in E genome of Th.elongatum.4.The gene expressions in alpha-gliadin and LMW-GS gene family increased from half-grain to grain stage.Part genes increased from half-grain to grain stage while another part genes decreased in HMW-GS and gamma-gliadin gene families.Combined with genome,transcriptome and protein map,the functional alpha-and gamma-gliadin genes were analyzed.5.The mixing parameters showed that both DS1E(1A)and DS1E(1D)improved the peak height of their parent.DS1E(1A)also improved the 8-minute bandwidth.The results of other DS lines showed that DS3E(3A)also had positive effects on dough peak height and8-minute band width,which indicated that there were sites on chromosome 3A that affected kneading parameters.