The Effects Of Different Film Mulching And Soil Wetted Percentages On Soil Moisture And Heat Distribution And Potato Growth

The growth and development of potato,one of the four major food crops in the world is affected by climate,moisture,temperature and other factors.In order to explore the effects of different film mulching and soil wetted percentages on soil moisture and heat distribution and potato growth.The "Netherlands No.15" potato was used in the expenment,which was carried out in 2019 and 2020 at the Special Potato Test Base of China Agricultural University,Rizhao City,Shandong Province.Three film mulching(transparent film,TM;black film,BM;no film,NM)and four soil wetted percentages(0%,P0;25%,P1;50%,P2;75%,P3)were designed to study the effects of different film mulching on drip soil water and heat distribution and potato growth,potato plant height,stem diameter,tuber grading,yield,irrigation water use efficiency and quality were measured.Soil water and heat transfer were simulated with HYDRUS-2D.The main research results are as follows:(1)Film mulching treatment can significantly increase the average soil temperature and daily maximum temperature during the entire growth period of potatoes.As the potatp plant grew,the warming effect of mulching decreased.The soil temperature of NMP0 treatment was the highest during the whole growth period of potato under different soil wetted percentages treatments,and with the increase of soil wetted percentages,the soil temperature tended to decrease gradually.TMP2 treatment preserved more soil moisture in 10cm soil layer than BMP2 treatment,and BMP2 treatment can increase soil moisture in 50cm soil layer.The soil water content in deep soil is significantly higher in larger soil wetted percentage treatment.(2)There were no significant differences in plant height and stem diameter of potato with different mulching treatments.The plant height and stem diameter of potato under irrigation treatment were significantly higher than those under non-irrigation treatment,but there were no significant differences between different irrigation treatments.There were no significant differences between potato yield and tuber classification in different mulching treatments.The potato yield increased and then decreased with the increase of soil wetted percentages.Based on the twoyear field experiments,the irrigation water use efficiency was the highest in TMP2 treatment.(3)Different mulching treatments had no significant effects on potato protein and vitamin C content.The starch content of the non-mulching treatment was significantly higher than that of the mulching treatment.The potato quality differences between different soil wetted percentages treatments were not significant.(4)The HYDRUS-2D model was used to simulate soil moisture and temperature in BMP2 and TMP2 treatments.The RMSE of soil moisture and temperature ranged from 0.02 to 0.039cm3/cm3 and 0.76-1.95℃,respectively.The model could reflect soil moisture and temperature.