| This experiment was conducted to study the developmental changes of muscle flavor compounds and cecal microbiota in Muscovy duck and Beijing duck,to reveal the deposition rules of amino acid and inosinic acid,and clarify the difference of cecal microbiota structure between the two breeds of duck at each day of age,which could provide a certain scientific theoretical basis for the healthy breeding of meat ducks.The experiment selected 160 one-day-old Muscovy ducks and Peking ducks respectively,which were divided into 2 groups according to breeds,with 8 repetitions in each group and 20 repetitions in each.a 70-day feeding experiment was conducted,with free feeding and sufficient drinking water.At the 1st,3rd,7th,14 th,28th,42 nd and 70 th day of the experiment.8 ducks(4 males and 4 females)were randomly selected from each group for each sampling period.The results are as follows:(1)The weight of Peking duck was higher than Muscovy duck at each sampling time point,and the difference was significant at 14 days(P<0.05),and extremely significant at 28 days(P<0.01).With increasing age,Muscovy duck and Pekin duck breast muscle rate both showed an upward trend,the growth rate of Peking duck in the early stage was faster than Muscovy duck,and the growth rate of Muscovy duck in the later stage was faster than Peking duck.The leg muscle rate showed a downward trend with increasing age.The leg muscle rate of Muscovy duck was higher than Muscovy duck,reaching a significant level of difference at 28 days of age(P<0.05),and reaching a very significant level of difference at 14,42 and 70 days of age(P<0.01).At 70 days of age,the water loss rate of Muscovy duck pectoral muscles(P<0.01)were higher than Peking ducks.(2)The content of inosinic acid in Muscovy duck’s pectoral muscles and leg muscles increased gradually with age,and its content of pectoral muscle inosinic acid was lower than that of Beijing ducks at 42 days of age(P<0.05),and higher than that of Beijing ducks at 70 days of age(P<0.05).The content of leg muscle inosinate was higher than that of Peking duck at all ages(P<0.05).The amino acid content of Muscovy duck and Peking duck muscle increased gradually with increasing age(P<0.05).The content of umami taste amino acids in pectoral muscles gradually with increasing age before 42 days of age(P<0.01),the growth trend slowed down between 42-70 days of age,and the contents of glutamic acid and arginine were even lower than 42 day(P<0.01).The content of umami taste amino acids in Muscovy duck leg muscles gradually increased with increasing age(P<0.01).(3)After 7 days of age,the cecum microbial diversity of Muscovy duck increased with the increase of age.Before 7 days of age,the main phyla of Peking duck and Muscovy duck were both Proteobacteria and Firmicutes,and the predominant genera were Escherichia/Shigella,Salmonella and Enterococcus.After 7 days of age,Bacteroides and Firmicutes gradually became the main phylum of cecum microorganisms in Peking duck and Muscovy,and the cecum microbial diversity was increased after 7days of age,which was more discrete with age.cecum microbiota of 42 days of age is different with that of other days.Fusobacteria has a very small proportion in other days,and the abundance ratio increased significantly at 42 days(P<0.05).The cecum microbial composition of Muscovy duck and Peking duck at the same age was similar.The cecal microbial composition of Muscovy duck and Peking duck was significantly different at 14(P<0.05)and 28(P<0.05)days old.In summary:(1)The contents of amino acids and inosinic acid in the muscles of Muscovy duck and Peking duck are gradually increasing with increasing age.The leg muscle inosine acid content of Muscovy duck is higher than Beijing Duck,the breast muscle umami taste amino acid total quantity of Beijing Duck is higher than Muscovy Duck.(2)The cecum microbial diversity of Muscovy duck and Peking duck showed an upward trend with increasing age,while there is a large difference in microbial structure between early and late growth. |
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