Investigation And Analysis On Prevention And Control Of Main Pests And Diseases Of Apples In Fengxian

Fengxian is the most important apple production area in Jiangsu Province.It is important to understand the current status of green control of apple pests and diseases in Fengxian,and promote green prevention and control technology to establish an apple pest and disease prevention and control technology system.It is important to promote the development of apple industry in Fengxian and even Jiangsu Province.This research topic investigated the status of apple production and pest control in the towns and villages with large apple planting areas such as Liangzhai,Dashahe,Shizhai and Songlou in Fengxian.And conducted a long-term follow-up investigation on the occurrence of severely occurring pests and diseases in dwarf self-rooted apple orchard in Liangzhai,and selected representative farmers in each township to record the pesticide spraying and test the pesticide residues of the fruits they produced.Aiming at the obvious apple fruit tree pests of Spiraea chinensis in Fengxian area,the physical control effect test of the wormwood board was carried out.Investigations and research indicate that:1.At present,the main responsible persons of apple growers in Fengxian are over-aged and the overall cultural level is low;the input of pesticides and fertilizers is the most important component of the cost of production materials,and its composition is less affected by fluctuations in the cost of production materials;The most serious diseases in the apple orchard in Fengxian were Alteraaria alernaria,Botryospuaeria bereageriana,insect pests were Aphis citricola,Lygus lucorum,Grapholitha molesta and Tetrahychus viehhehsis;the proportion of farmers who comprehensively control apple pests and diseases was not high.Only 17.5%of the farmers chose agricultural control and physical control measures to assist in prevention and control;most of the farmers sprayed more similarly,concentrated in 9-12 times/year;the first spraying time was concentrated,at about the end of March and early April,and the last spraying time is different;agricultural stores are the main sales channels for pesticides,and most growers choose to be prepared by agricultural stores,and more than half of them choose to spray in their own orchards under the specific conditions;the degree of mechanization of apple spraying in Fengxian area is relatively high,and the coverage of small fully automated mobile sprayers has exceeded 80%.2.In the orchard under the higher level of prevention and control in Fengxian area,there are more occurrences of Aphis citricola from mid-April to mid-October;the number of Tetrahychus viehhehsis is small,and no obvious harm is formed;It has obvious harm,which occurred in the middle to late April to the middle and late June,and there was a significant increase in quantity in the end of May and the beginning of June.Only a small number of Graphlitha molesta were found in the orchard;Marssonina coronaria appeared in early June,and increased from late June,causing partial defoliation in the orchard;there was no large-scale occurrence of Alteraaria alteraaria.After the rain in late August,the incidence rate was Increased;the rate of Botryospuaeria bereageriana is relatively high.3.The growers surveyed in the four towns of Liangzhai,Dashahe,Shizhai and Songlou in Fengxian have high similarity in the selection of pesticide types and pesticide spraying time in apple production,and their target of choice in medicines is very clear,the main control objects are the main pests and diseases in Fengxian area,there is basically no blindly use phenomenon;the fruit pesticide residues produced in each orchard are far lower than the maximum limit standard stipulated in GB 2763-2016,in line with China’s food Safety National Standards The maximum residue limit for pesticides in foods.4.For the control of the wormwood board of the high-spindle-shaped cultivation model in the apple orchard,select the yellow wormwood board,and set the hanging board direction parallel to the cultivation row,the hanging plate height of 150cm and the hanging of 40 sheets/667 m2.At the board density,the best control effect can be achieved.