| The Chinese traditional gardens are generally composed of five elements: mountains,water,stones,buildings,and plants.Plants,especially Chinese traditional garden trees,are the main components that make up the unique structure and attributes of garden spaces.In the garden space design,the external form of the tree,in another word,the tree shape,is one of the basic elements of the scenery.The form of trees is an important aspect to be considered in the configuration of garden plants.Different forms of trees create different atmospheres in the landscape space;the form is endowed with more profound cultural connotations.Therefore,a quantitative study of the combination of trees in the garden can help us understand the role and effect of the combination of trees in the landscape composition more scientifically.This article takes the garden trees of Quyuan Fenghe Park in West Lake Scenic Area in Hangzhou as an object,then analyzes and studies from the perspective of tree morphology.Researchers conduct field survey on Quyuan Fenghe Park,record and organize garden tree data of the entire park and use CAD,Arc GIS and other software to analyze and produce Quyuan Fenghe Park garden tree morphology GIS database;use garden multi-angle view,Buffer analysis,optimization hotspot analysis and other methods based on the database to analyze the spatial distribution,application rules and morphological combinations of different forms of tree species in the park to the landscape composition;according to the comprehensive park design specifications and Quyuan Fenghe Park landscape functional zoning,this article studies the differences in the configuration rules of different forms of garden trees and their combinations in different functional spaces.The main research results from the investigation and analysis of the above research contents are as follows:There are 82 kinds of garden trees and 55 kinds of shrubs in Quyuan Fenghe Park.The tree forms can be divided into 7 types: spherical,horizontally unfolded,twisted,spindle-shaped,minaret-shaped,vertical branch-shaped,special shape.Among the trees,the types and numbers of spherical trees are the largest,the types of trees with special shapes are the least,and the number of cylinders is the least;the application area of the spire-shaped trees is the largest.Among the shrubs,the type,number and application area of round trees are the most,and there are no spire-shaped and cylindrical shrubs.At the same time,combined with the types of trees and their spatial distribution corresponding to different tree forms in the park,a spatial database of garden tree forms of Quyuan Fenghe Park was constructed.Based on the analysis and statistics of the tree morphology spatial database,it is found that there are 17 different combinations of trees in Quyuan Fenghe Park.Analyze the entire Quyuan Fenghe Park and each functional area from the quantity,composition and spatial distribution respectively:(1)The main forms of trees in Quyuan Fenghe Park are minarets and round spheres,which are more than shrubs in form and number.The form of shrubs is relatively simple,mainly round and spherical:(2)Among the morphological combinations of garden trees,the most widely used are the combination of spherical and minaret,spherical and spindle,spherical and horizontally expanded shapes:(3)The spatial distribution of tree morphological combinations in the entire park has obvious differences.The tree morphological combinations in different functional areas have obvious preferences and differences in spatial configuration:(4)The tree-shaped combination structure of different functional areas does not show a specific combination mode,and the contribution of the tree-shaped ratio to landscape differences and spatial function division is relatively low;The relevant conclusions can provide a theoretical and practical basis for the selection of plant materials in the garden landscape,the application of plants and surrounding materials,and the design and construction of urban ecological parks. |
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