| Astragalus sinicus L.is a common green fertilizer crop in double-cropping rice area in south China,which plays an important role in food security in China.To explore common astragalus sinicus varieties in Jiangxi area of adaptability,this experiment adopts the method of combining the field experiment and indoor experiment,studied the 14 different basic agronomic traits,nutrient accumulation regularity of astragalus sinicus varieties,root nodule bacteria related properties research,combination of cropping area farming activities,select suitable for jiangxi area planted astragalus sinicus varieties,high yield and good quality in order to under the current cropping system restore astragalus sinicus production to provide important reference basis,to better guide the agricultural production.The following research results were obtained:1.Through the study of the growth period of 14 varieties of astragalus sinicus observation showed that under the condition of this experiment,xinyang、fengcheng green stem、pingxiang ripe period early,early maturity varieties,Yi jiang seed、xiang zi 4、Yi river、xiang zi no.1,no.3 seed Yi Jiang Da leaf,xiang zi,xiang zi no.2,no.3 Yi jiang no.2 seed varieties for medium varieties,such as yu Jiang Da leaf,and ningbo,nanchang is late varieties.According to the growth dynamics of the plant height of all varieties of ziyunying,ziyunying grew very slowly before overwintering,with the plant height below20 cm.After overwintering,ziyunying grew rapidly with the increase of temperature,and reached the highest flowering stage,with the plant height between 60 and 113 cm.The yield of all varieties of ziyunying fresh grass reached the highest in the flowering period,among which the varieties of ziyunying from jiangxi and hunan had obvious advantages in plant height,such as nanchang species,fengcheng green stem species,yijiang big leaf,xiangzi no.3,etc.The plant height of ziyunying varieties in yijiang series from anhui province is relatively low.Xinyang plant height and fresh grass yield is the lowest.The seed yield of each variety was lower in the mature stage,and the seed yield of xiangzi 1and nanchang was more dominant.Therefore,from the point of view of the basic agronomic characteristics of each variety,jiangxi is more suitable for planting the region and the xiangzi series ziyunying varieties.2.The change of dry matter weight in the aboveground part of all varieties showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The accumulation trend of dry matter in the aboveground part of all varieties was relatively slow in 0-155 days after sowing,and the average daily accumulation was only 3.12～12.5kg/(hm2·d).With the development of growth period,the dry matter accumulation in overground increased rapidly in the flowering period(155d～175d after sowing),and reached the highest in the flowering period,during which the dry matter accumulation accounted for 65.3%～68.4% of the total accumulation,and the average daily accumulation of each variety was8.76～32.15kg/(hm2·d).The percentage content of nitrogen nutrient in the aboveground of all varieties showed a trend from high to low,with the percentage content ranging from2.59% to 4.66%.The variation trends of phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents were complicated,with the content ranges of 0.16%～0.38% and 0.16%～0.38% respectively.The trend of total carbon content was more stable than that of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,ranging from 22.76% to 43.99%.With the increase of biomass,the nutrient accumulation showed a trend of rising and then decreasing,and the nutrient accumulation was the largest in the flowering period,with the average daily accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and carbon being 1.34kg/(hm2/d),0.16kg/(hm2/d),2.63kg/(hm2/d)and 33.1kg/(hm2/d),respectively.3.In the best time to turn over pressure to return to the field,the turning over pressure in the flowering period can provide the maximum nutrients for the soil and crops.According to the planting experiment of various varieties of ziyunying,it can be seen that the local varieties of ziyunying were suitable to be used as green manure in the paddy field in jiangxi province,among which nanchang species,fengcheng green stem species and yujiang big leaf species were the most suitable for planting.At the same time,through the analysis of the nutrient accumulation data of various varieties of ziyunying,the turning time of ziyunying should be appropriately advanced,the decomposition time after the turning time of ziyunying returning to the field should be appropriately prolonged,the decomposition rate should be improved,and the nutrient utilization rate after the decomposition of ziyunying should be improved.4.The number and weight of rhizobia of all varieties of rhizobia showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the growth period.In the late flowering period,the number of rhizobia of all varieties of rhizobia of p.rubra no longer increased,and the rhizobia became lighter in color and wilted in appearance,so the number of rhizobia also decreased.Among them,the quantity of rhizobia of yijiang seed was significantly higher than that of other varieties in the blooming period,followed by that of nanchang seed and that of fengcheng qinggan seed,and that of xinyang seed was relatively poor,indicating that the matching degree between yijiang seed and nanchang seed and the bacteria agent was relatively high,and it was suitable for growth in the experimental environment.Astragalus sinicus from different periods of nitrogenase activity,nanchang nitrogenase activity were higher than other three kinds of experimental period astragalus sinicus varieties,the highest nitrogenase activity of each type are in full bloom,nanchang,Yi jiang seed,fengcheng green bar coated nitrogenase activity and xinyang species were 45.5873,44.9787,22.2805,22.7877(C2H4 nmol/g * h),and fengcheng green nanchang and Yi jiang seed,stem and xinyang no obvious difference between,but kind of xinyang activity of rhizobia present a rising trend,The results showed that the stability of xinyang seed was worse than that of nanchang seed and yijiang seed.Therefore,from the analysis of relative traits of rhizobia of various varieties,it can be seen that nanchang seed and yijiang seed are suitable for spreading planting in Jiangxi. |
