| Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world.Wheat,corn,and rice are called the three major staple crops in China.Their production and development are directly related to China’s food security and social stability.The 2019 "China’s Food Security" white paper highlights that national food security is the strategic positioning of the top priority.Xia Xian,Yuncheng City,Shanxi Province,as an important wheat production area,has insisted on taking the road of high quality and high efficiency wheat in recent years.This study takes the current situation of wheat production in Xia Xian as a starting point,through literature review,field investigation,data analysis,experimental demonstration and other methods to study the wheat production problems in Xia Xian,with the aim of proposing countermeasures and suggestions.The conclusions drawn from the research are as follows:1.The current situation of wheat production in Xia Xian:(1)The wheat planting area in Xia Xian is stable,which is maintained at around 20 thousand hm2 all the year round.In recent years,vigorously develop the cultivation of cash crops.The area planted with wheat has steadily declined.The overall output is on the rise,and the total output is relatively stable.(2)The varieties of wheat grown in Xia Xian are diversified and concentrated on high yield and quality.At present,Shannong 22 and Jimai22 are the main planting varieties of wheat in water land,and Handan 19 and Jinmai 23 are planted together.Dryland planting varieties are mainly Yunhan 618 and Yunhan 115,and actively demonstrate the cultivation of Jinmai 100 and Jinmai 101 varieties.(3)Adopt biological fertilizer integrated wide-width planter + Wofeng biological organic fertilizer,with good seedling emergence rate,high strength,high fertilizer utilization rate and large group;traditional flat broadcast cannot resist freezing;biological fertilizer integrated wide-width seeder + Wofeng Bio-organic fertilizer has obvious effect of increasing production and efficiency.2.Wheat production in Xia Xian has the following problems:(1)Poor agricultural foundation,thin foundation,and large area of low-and medium-yield fields;(2)Increased food planting costs and low productivity of cultivated land.(3)Wheat cultivation technology is low,and the promotion of high-quality production technology is not enough.3.Suggestions on the development of wheat production in Xia Xian:Improve the basic conditions of agricultural production,increase the area of cultivated land;actively promote modern planting technology,and fully mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm for planting grain;Vigorously develop high-quality wheat,professional wheat,and commercial wheat,realize the transformation from output to quality,from product to commodity,and comprehensively enhance the competitiveness of the wheat market.To sum up,Xia Xian has great potential for wheat production development.We should make full use of the existing conditions,deepen the structural reform of the supply side of the wheat industry,and devote great efforts to the specialization,greening and refinement of wheat production.Promote the upgrading and upgrading of wheat quality,build a complete industrial chain of wheat production,supply and marketing,and promote the high-quality development of the wheat industry. |
