Heredity And Variation Analysis Of Fruit Characters In Chinese Dwarf Cherry[Cerasus Humilis(Bge.)Sok.]Hybrid Offspring Of Different Fruit Color

Chinese dwarfcherry(Ceasrush humilis(Bge.)Sok)is a short deciduous shrub fruit tree of the rosaceae,cherry,cherry subgenus,It is a kind of medicinal and edible homologous plant,which integrates the comprehensive utilization of root,branch,leaf,flower,fruit and kernel,etc,showing good economic and ecological benefits in production.In this experiment,’DS-1’ × ’99-02’,’02-16’ × ’DS-1’ Chinese dwarf cherry fruit and its parents were used as materials to analyze the appearance quality,fruit color,flavonoids and other genetic variation of hybrid offspring,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of new varieties.The main research results are as follows:1.The analysis of the genetic law of the basic traits of Chinese dwarf cherry fruit,including single fruit weight,fruit shape index,soluble solids,titratable acids and flavonoids,showed that these traits were the inheritance of quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes.The variation coefficient of each character was analyzed.The results showed that the genetic variation coefficients of’DS-1’ × ’99-02’,’02-16’ × ’DS-1’ were all greater than 20%for single fruit weight,titratable acid and flavonoids,and the offspring were widely separated,It indicates that these traits have great potential for selection.The genetic variation coefficient of both fruit shape index and soluble solid was less than 20%,and the offspring were not widely separated,indicating that the potential for selection of these two traits was small.2.By comparing the genetic variation analysis of positive and negative cross traits,it is concluded that there is no significant difference between the positive and negative cross genetics of single fruit weight,fruit shape index and soluble solids.Titrable acid inheritance and flavonoid inheritance were affected by positive and negative crossing,and there were differences among different parental combinations.The hybrid combinations of ’02-16’ and ’DS-1’ were more affected by the paternal parent,and the hybrid combinations of ’99-02’ and ’DS-1’ were more affected by the maternal parent.3.The heredity of fruit color is relatively complex.In this paper,the color index was determined by chromatic aberration instrument,and the color of fruit was observed by naked eye to accurately determine the color of fruit.It was found that the color of fruit was correlated with the hue Angle(h°).According to the color Angle(h°),the clustering analysis of the solid color of each hybrid offspring Chinese dwarf cherry.The results showed that the color close to 80° was yellow,the color between 40° and 70° was yellow,the color close to 30° was red,and the color close to 20° was deep red.However,the fruit color of Chinese dwarf cherry fruit is complex and diverse,and it cannot be accurately classified by h° alone.Therefore,this paper adopts the method of combining artificial classification and cluster analysis to classify the fruit color.The color of Chinese dwarf cherry peel was divided into five categories:yellow,yellow,light red,red and deep red.The pulp color was divided into four categories:white,light yellow,yellow,yellow and red.According to Mendel’s law and chi square test,it is concluded that the color of peel is in accordance with the genetic law of two pairs of gene controlled characters,and the gene interaction shows overlapping effect,that is,A=B is the increasing gene,a=b is the decreasing gene,and A to a and B to b are not fully dominant.The color of fruit pulp is controlled by two pairs of genes.The interaction of genes shows dominant epistasis,that is,gene B controls the expression of red gene,and gene A suppresses the expression of red gene when it exists,shows the yellow color.