Effects Of Mulching Different Crops On The Physical And Chemical Properties Of Soil And Diversity Of Microorganisms And Arthropods In Tea Plantations

The experiment was carried out in a tea orchard in Lupingsi Village,Tanjiawan Town,Liyang District,Shiyan City,Hubei Province to explore the effect of different arrangements of grasses,asteraceae and legume crops on the number and diversity dynamics of arthropod communities.4 treatments were set up,attaining grasses(CK),ryegrass + white clover(EZ),ryegrass + white clover + bluegrass + red clover(SZ),Ryegrass + white clover + bluegrass +red clover + purple fescue + hairy raccoon + cosmos + zinnia(BZ).in order to explore the physical and chemical properties of 0-15,15-30 cm soil in tea plantation covered by different crop patterns and the impact of microbial and arthropod diversity.The soil bulk density,total porosity,field water holding capacity,water content,mechanically stable aggregates,water-stable aggregates,MWD,GMD,and catalase,phosphatase,invertase activity,microbial community functional diversity,arthropod community composition,Richness index,Shannon index)and Mc Intosh index of different experimental models were studied.The results obtained were as follows:1.Compared with CK treatment,SZ treatment can significantly reduce the soil bulk density of 0-15 cm soil layer,increase total porosity,field water holding capacity,MWD and GMD(P<0.05);EZ treatment significantly increased soil water holding capacity,MWD and GMD in 0-15 cm soil(P<0.05);BZ treatment significantly reduced soil bulk density in 0-15 cm soil layer and increased field water holding capacity(P<0.05).The effects of different cover crop patterns on soil physical properties were mainly concentrated in the 0-15 cm soil layer,which had little effect on 15-30 cm.2.The activities of urease,invertase,catalase and phosphatase in 0-15 cm soil layer with SZ treatment were higher than those in the other treatments,and the activities of urease,catalase and phosphatase in 15-30 cm soil layer were higher than those in the other treatments,while the activities of invertase were lower than other mulching treatments.Compared with the control,mulching crops increased the average color change rate(AWCD)of microbial communities in 0-15 cm soil layer,and the AWCD was highest in the SZ treatment,indicating the highest utilizing efficiency of carbon source.Mulching crops could improve soil microbial richness index,Shannon index and Mc Intosh index in 0-15 cm soil layer,but had little influence on those in 15-30 cm soil layer.The results indicated thatmulching crops could improve soil enzyme activity and microbial community functional diversity,and SZ treatment had the best effect on 0-15 cm soil layer.3.The composition of arthropod communities in the tea orchards with different cover crops was similar to that of attaining grasses,with the largest number of Diptera and the least number of Araneae insects.Compared with the control,the number of Coleoptera increased significantly under the different cover crops treatments,but there was no significant difference among the the three treatments.Hemiptera insects increased significantly by48.04%(P<0.05)under the treatment of ryegrass + white clover + bluegrass + red clover(SZ).There were no significant differences in the number of individuals of Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,Diptera,Hemiptera,Orthoptera,and Araneae among different treatments.The dynamics of diversity,evenness and richness indices of arthropod communities in tea orchard with different cover crops were basically the same,the richness index was highest on August26,which was higher in the tea orchard with different cover crops than that of attaining grasses on September 30.Compared with the control,EZ treatment significantly increased the diversity index,SZ treatment significantly increased the diversity,richness and evenness indices,and BZ treatment significantly increased the richness and evenness indices of arthropod communities in tea orchard.Based on a comprehensive analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the tea plantation soil and the diversity of microorganisms and arthropods,it is preliminarily considered that four planting different crops SZ is the most suitable pattern in the experiment.This study will provide data reference and theoretical basis for the future discussion of the impact of different crop patterns on tea plantations.