Effects Of Insect And Herbicide Resistant Transgenic Maize On The Community Of Soil Bacteria And Archaea

Insect and herbicide resistant transgenic maize has become a new direction for the development of transgenic maize.Insect and herbicide resistant transgenic maize cultivation is an important part of the research on the risk of soil microbial communities,which is the main driving force of the material energy cycle in soil ecosystem.This paper combined fluorescence quantitative PCR and T-RFLP method with statistical analysis to explore the changes of soil bacterial and archaea abundance and community diversity by field experiment systematically.In order to determine the influence of insect and herbicide resistant transgenic maize C0030.3.5 on the structure and abundance of soil bacteria and archaea,to enriched the environmental risk of transgenic maize,and to provided scientific basis for the comprehensive evaluation of the environmental safety of transgenic maize.The main findings were as follows:1、Insect and herbicide resistant transgenic maize C0030.3.5 had no significant effect on soil bacterial and archaea community structure in two experimental areas.Compared with conventional maize and parental maize,the bacteria and archaea community of insect and herbicide resistant transgenic maize C0030.3.5 did not change significantly.The dominant bacteria of soil bacteria were 127 bp and 145,156 bp respectively in 2015 and 2016 in Hebei experimental base.The 138,148,161 bp and 35,61 bp was the dominant soil bacterial respectively in 2015 and 2016 in Jilin experimental base.The dominant bacteria in Hebei province were 89、184 bp and 87、179、181 bp in 2015 and 2016,respectively.There were 138、148、161 bp and 82 bp soil dominant archaea in 2015 and 2016,respectively.2、The Shannon index of soil bacteria and archaea was highest in the tasselling stage or milking stage.There was no significant difference of Shannon index between transgenic maize and parental maize of soil bacteria(but the Shannon index of transgenic maize rhizosphere soil was significantly higher than that of parental maize(P<0.05)of He Bei Provence in 2015,and the Shannon index of non-rhizosphere soil was significantly higher(P<0.05)than others of Jilin Provence in 2015).In the same sampling area and growing stage.In the same sampling area and growing stage,the Evenness index of the rhizosphere soil was significantly lower than that of the conventional maize and the parental maize(P<0.05)of He Bei experimental base in 2016,and the Insect and herbicide resistant transgenic maize.There was no significant difference(P>0.05)between the bacteria and the Evenness index of the transgenic maize soil and the maize(P>0.05).3、CCA showed that the soil bacteria and archaea community structure was affected by the study area and sampling time.The main controlling factors of soil physical and chemical factors of soil bacterial and archaeological community changed,and the soil physical and chemical factors have different factors for soil bacterial community structure and soil colony community structure.The main soil physical and chemical factors controlled soil bacteria in Hebei experimental base were soil total nitrogen,inorganic nitrogen,organic matter and p H.The environmental factors that controlled the soil bacteria in the Jilin experimental area were soil p H.The main soil physical and chemical factors in Hebei experimental base were soil total nitrogen,inorganic nitrogen and p H.There was no significant correlation between physical and chemical factors and archaea community in Jilin Provence.4、There was no significant effect on soil bacteria and bacteria 16 S r RNA abundance of Insect and herbicide resistant transgenic maize C0030.3.5 cultivation.During the same growing stage,there was no significant difference in the abundance of soil bacteria 16 S r RNA between three kinds of maize in the same soil sampling area(P>0.05).The abundance of soil bacteria and archaea 16 S r RNA was showing the trend of increase first then decrease with the growth stage.