Separation And Identification Of A Wild Fomes Fomentarius In Chengde And Effects Of Its Fermentation Liquid On The Growth Of Maize Seedling

In this experiment,With the Fomes fomentarius were researched in depth.It was found that its fermentation polysaccharide product,as a natural nutrient,was applied to the soil,which has a good promoting effect on the growth and development of maize seedlings,and can achieve the effect of strong seedlings at the seedling stage.This research is not only beneficial to the development of wild fungus of fermentation polysaccharides,but also can improve the yield of maize,which is also of great significance to the green development of ecological agriculture in China.The material of this experiment was collected from the trunk of birch tree in Shihai Forest Park,Beida mountain,Chengde City,Hebei Province,on October 6,2016.The wild fungus were identified by morphological observation and molecular biological identification.It was identified as Fomes fomentarius.The dry weight of mycelia of Fomes fomentarius was used as the reference index.The product of fermentation polysaccharide was used as the important index for liquid fermentation of Fomes fomentarius,Optimization of liquid fermentation process of Fomes fomentarius.Through the preparation of culture medium containing different proportion of carbon and nitrogen and the setting of different temperature and rotation speed and other culture conditions,the single factor and orthogonal selection tests were carried out to obtain the optimum liquid culture medium formula and culture conditions for the polysaccharide extract of submerged fermentation of Fomes fomentarius,so as to obtain the higher polysaccharide product.In addition,the pot experiment of maize seedling stage,which was carried with Fomes fomentarius fermentation polysaccharide,It was extracted and prepared into various concentration gradient polysaccharide solution and applied to potted soil,and the physiological indexes of corn seedling were measured.It was found that,under the appropriate concentration,liquid fermentation polysaccharide products of Fomes fomentarius could significantly regulate the growth and development of maize seedling.The specific test results are as follows:1.The collected fresh wild fruiting body tissue was separated to obtain slant mycelium,named TNCY001.Through modern molecular biology technology andtraditional classification methods,the species and genus of the wild fungus were determined.(1)Through morphological observation and microstructure observation,it was preliminarily identified as a species of Fomes with cord like association.(2)The similarity between TNCY001 and HM584810.1 Fomes fomentarius was 99% by its sequence comparison.The results showed that the wild fungus was Fomes fomentarius,Serial number registered on NCBI as MK910113.2.Through the research of liquid fermentation technology,the results show that sucrose and yeast extract are the most effective,which are aerobic and acidophilic wild fungus.Finally,the optimum liquid fermentation conditions were selected as follows: sucrose concentration of 10 g/L,yeast extract concentration of 25 g/L,initial p H of 6.5,liquid loading of 110 m L,liquid fermentation temperature of 25 ℃,rotating speed of shaking table of 140 r/min,the amount of inorganic salt added was consistent with the initial formula,standing time of 24 h,under this condition,the concentration of liquid fermentation polysaccharide of Fomes fomentarius reached1.512 g/L is 7.6 times of that before optimization(0.199 g/L).3.At the seedling stage of maize,Seven concentration gradient polysaccharide solutions were prepared and applied to potted soil.It was found that when the Fomes fomentarius concentration of fermentation liquid polysaccharide was 8mg/m L,the optimal concentration of Fomes fomentarius concentration of fermentation liquid polysaccharide was applied to each pot every time,and the growth effect of maize seedling was the best,which had significant growth promoting effect.The main conclusions are as follows:According to the growth indexes of the above ground part of the maize seedling,the plant height of the maize seedling is 4-9 cm higher than that of the control group,the stem diameter is 0.8-2.8 mm higher than that of the control group,the fresh weight of the above ground part is more than 29% higher than that of the control group,and the dry weight of the above ground part is more than 40% higher than that of the control group.In addition,the leaf length,leaf width and leaf area index degree of the corn seedling at this concentration are significantly higher than those of other treatments.From the growth index of the underground part of the corn seedling,under thisconcentration,the number of roots of the maize seedling is 2-6 higher than that of the control group,the root volume is 1-2 m L higher than that of the control group,the fresh weight of the underground part is more than 25% higher than that of the control group,and the dry weight of the underground part is more than 24% higher than that of the control group.According to the physiological and biochemical indexes of maize seedling,under this concentration,the photosynthetic rate was 9.5μmol·m-2·s-1 higher than the control group,the fluorescence rate was 0.45μmol·m-2·s-1higher than the control group,the chlorophyll was 0.056-0.168 mg/g higher than the control group,and the root activity was more than 16mg/(g.h)higher than the control group.