Quantitative Study On Hydraulic Soil Erosion In Jilin Province Based On RUSLE Model

Soil erosion has become a key issue that restricts the sustainable development of the ecological environment and has received extensive attention.Soil and water loss in Jilin Province is particularly prominent in China.The amount of soil running and fertilizers running is staggering,which has become a huge obstacle to local economic development.However,traditional and qualitative methods for soil erosion assessment cannot meet the needs of rapid,quantitative,and accurate surveys.Therefore,the use of 3S methods to find a suitable soil erosion model,evaluate and analysis quantitatively the local soil erosion status and spatial changes,plan soil erosion management program,has become an effective means of research.This paper takes Jilin Province as the research area,using CMORPH rainfall data,soil data,LUCC land use type maps,MODIS vegetation index data,DEM data,and combining field survey investigations,improve the RUSLE model,correct model parameters,and establish Soil loss equation which is suitable for Jilin Province.Integrating rainfall,topography,soil,vegetation,and human factors to quantitatively estimate soil erosion,using ¹³⁷Cs isotope tracer method and Field verification to verify model accuracy.Summarize Jilin Province’s soil erosion characteristics and out of control law in different municipalities,land use types,slope gradients,and vegetation coverages.Combining the existing research results to predict the state of soil erosion from 2020 to 2030,evaluate efficiently and objectively the current status of soil erosion in Jilin Province,and propose a constructive basis for the government’s macro-measures in soil and water conservation and ecological construction.The main findings are as follows:（1）Comparing the RUSLE model estimation results with the actual measurement results of the ¹³⁷Cs tracer method,it can be found that the RUSLE model has a good estimation effect and can be applied to quantitatively evaluate and analysis the large-scale soil erosion in Jilin Province.（2）In time,the average annual soil erosion modulus of Jilin Province for the period from 2005 to 2015 showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.In2005,it was 1769.55 t/km²·a,in 2010 it was 1825.16 t/km²·a,and in 2015 it was1342.88 t./km²·a.The total amount of soil erosion decreased from 3,385.06×105t in2005 to 2741.03×105t in 2015,a decrease of 19.03%.（3）In space,The soil erosion in Jilin Province is closely related to the local topography.The slightest and lightest erosions are mainly distributed in the western plains and the middle sloping arable land where the topography is relatively flat,while the middle and middle sized erosions are mainly distributed in the eastern mountainous regions;10°-20°is the main sand production slope,accounting for about 50%of the total amount of erosion in Jilin Province;Tong Hua city has the most severe water and soil loss,with an average erosion modulus of 4364.52 t/km2·a,with moderate Erosion dominates.