The Impact Of Governmental Subsidy And Tax Preference On The Performance Of New Energy Vehicle Enterprises ——A Case Study Of BYD

As energy shortage and environmental pollution become increasingly serious,the automobile industry is facing development bottleneck.The energy-saving and emission reduction characteristics of new energy vehicles are in line with the needs of sustainable development.Therefore,to accelerate the technological research and development and industrialization of new energy vehicles has become an important direction of the development of the automobile industry,and also an important way to achieve "lane change and overtaking" in the automobile industry.As a strategic emerging industry,the new energy automobile industry develops rapidly under the support of the state’s strong government subsidies and tax incentives.At the same time,there are also new energy automobile enterprises overly dependent on government subsidies,the core technology of the vehicle is not mature,the lack of supporting facilities and other urgent problems to be solved.Facing the development trend of fiscal subsidies completely declining in2023,it is urgent to study the extent to which the operating performance of new energy vehicle enterprises depends on fiscal subsidies and tax incentives implemented for many years,so as to put forward suggestions for the optimization of operating performance of new energy vehicle enterprises and the high-quality development of the industry.This paper clarified the development process and development status of the new energy automobile industry,sorted out the fiscal and tax preferential policies of the new energy automobile industry,and summarized the common problems existing in the fiscal and tax policies.On this basis,the case study method is adopted to select BYD,a leading enterprise of new energy vehicles in China,as a case to analyze the tax burden,financial situation and operating situation of BYD in recent years,and discuss the impact of fiscal and tax preferential policies on the development of BYD enterprises.The research shows that fiscal and tax preferential policies have a significant impact on the profitability of the case enterprises,but have a limited impact on the operating capacity and solvency.The effect of government subsidy on the early stage of case enterprise development is more obvious;After the case enterprise develops to a certain stage,the tax preferential policy has more help and more significant incentive effect;The state improves the subsidy threshold for new energy vehicle enterprises,and improves the technical requirements for new energy vehicles,which will force enterprises to increase scientific and technological input for technological innovation.In view of the problems of not obvious pertinence of fiscal and tax preferential policies,high dependence of enterprises on policies in the early stage,and lack of preferential policies in supporting facilities,this thesis puts forward corresponding optimization suggestions from the perspective of policy improvement and BYD’s own development.