Aberration Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Optical Liquids On Open Surfaces

The optical systems have been widely used in the aerospace field with the development of space optics and aerospace technology.However,the space optics system has always been suffered extremely strict constrains both from the harsh environment and extreme system precision,and the large space optical programs often experienced delays and cost overruns consequently.This kind of predicaments may be mitigated by introducing new structures,materials and devices which enhance the adaptive ability of the space optical system,and thereby reduce the cost,time and technical challenges.This paper analyzes the aberration characteristics of optical liquids on open optical surfaces and their influencing factors,in view of the aberration control requirements of space optical systems.And studying the methods and principles of adjusting the surface morphology and aberration characteristics of optical liquids.The main research contents are as follows:Firstly,the development status of the solid-liquid joint space optical system and the related optical liquids is introduced,and the development status of the optical liquids in the field of liquid lens imaging is emphatically introduced.Secondly,the basic model of the solid-liquid combined optical system which formed by the optical liquid and the open surface is established,and the imaging aberration characteristics of the solid-liquid combined optical system are simulated and analyzed based on the model.The ray paths of the parallel beams passing through the solid-liquid combined optical system in the forward and reverse directions are theoretically deduced respectively based on the principle of geometric optics.The basic model of the solidliquid combined optical system is constructed to simulate the imaging aberration characteristics of the parallel beam passing through the system in the forward and reverse directions based on the COMSOL simulation platform.The results show that the main sources of optical aberration at the focal plane are defocus and spherical aberration.And the aberration of the light beam passing through the optical system in the reverse direction is larger than that in the positive direction,and the preferable aperture angle range is smaller than that in the positive direction under the same conditions.And the smaller the contact angle of the solid-liquid combined optical system,the smaller the aberration,and vice versa.And the smaller the proportional coefficient of the radius of the bottom surface of the optical liquid and the thickness of the solid substrate,the smaller the aberration,and vice versa.Finally,the dynamic regulation effects of different factors on the solid-liquid combined optical system are analyzed,and a specific design scheme of the tunable solidliquid combined optical system is proposed.The dynamic wetting model of optical liquid on the surface of solid substrate is constructed based on the COMSOL simulation platform,and the dynamic change process of optical liquid morphology and optical system aberration under the action of wetting is simulated and analyzed by MATLAB.The results show that during the dynamic wetting process of optical liquids,the variation law of the contact angle is to decrease first,then increase,and finally tend to be stable.The changes of the optical liquid surface shape and the solid-liquid contact angle caused by gravity are simulated and analyzed based on the COMSOL simulation platform.The results show that the gravity effect will make the actual contact angle smaller than the ideal contact angle.The relationship between the optical liquid volume and aberration on non-ideal solid surfaces is theoretically deduced based on the optical liquid geometry,and a scheme to control the solid-liquid combined optical system by adjusting the optical liquid volume is designed.The design scheme of wetting the middle region of the solid substrate and superhydrophobic design of the edge area of the solid-liquid combined optical system is simulated and verified in COMSOL.The results show that the scheme is feasible.The control process of the solid-liquid combined optical system by the temperature field is simulated,and the results show that the use of temperature to control the solid-liquid combined optical system has the problem of insufficient stability.In summary,this paper establishes the basic model of the solid-liquid combined optical system,and analyzes the imaging aberration characteristics of the solid-liquid combined optical system,and studies the dynamic wetting process of optical liquids and the dynamic regulation of liquid volume and temperature factors on the solid-liquid combined optical system.These make a preliminary exploration for the development of solid-liquid combined smart space optical system and its application in space environment.