Research On Collaborative Optimal Dispatch Of Coupled Transmission And Distribution Networks Based On Stackelberg Game

With the proposal of the "3060 dual carbon" target,the construction of new power system with new energy as the backbone of power supply is accelerating.How to achieve high proportion of new energy efficient absorption has become a major opportunity and challenge in the optimization and scheduling of power system operation.Under the new situation,as more and more distributed generations（DG）,such as wind power,photovoltaic,micro gas turbines and electric vehicles,are connected to distribution network,the operation mode of distribution system becomes more flexible and controllability,and the interaction between the two levels of power transmission and distribution network becomes more frequent.Therefore,how to coordinate the operation strategy of coupled transmission and distribution networks to improve the ability of new energy consumption has become a new problem that must be solved in the optimal dispatching of power system.In addition,with the gradual deepening of the power system reform and the opening of incremental distribution business,distribution network will become an active participant in the power market,and the interests of transmission and distribution networks sometimes coincide and sometimes conflict.Therefore,it is of great significance to design a cooperative optimal scheduling strategy considering the different interests of transmission and distribution networks to achieve a win-win situation.This dissertation investigated the operation and scheduling strategies of different market players of transmission network and distribution network with different stakeholders under the market environment as the research object and soloves the problem through the method of game theory.Then the research on the cooperative optimal dispatching model and method of transmission and distribution network based on stackelberg game is carried out.Its main work and innovative achievements are as follows:（1）The basic theory of power system optimization scheduling based on stackelberg game is analyzed.Firstly,the theoretical basis of the game model of the stackelberg structure is expounded from the types of game theory,the concept of the stackelberg game and the conditions of Nash equilibrium.Then the application of stackelberg game in power system optimization scheduling is analyzed.Finally,according to the characteristics of the two-layer model,the solution method of the two-layer model is studied.（2）A stackelberg game based cooperative economic dispatching strategy for transmission and distribution networks is proposed.Firstly,a bi-level optimization model is established by using stackelberg game architecture to solve the economic dispatch of coupled transmission and distribution networks,in which the upper level is the transmission network price clearing model and the lower level is the economic dispatch model of each distribution network.Then,the KKT（Karush-Kuhn-Tucker）conditions,strong duality theorem and linear relaxation technique are applied to transform the proposed bi-level model into a mixed integer second-order cone programming model to solve.Finally,simulation examples T6D2 and T118D10 are used to verify the effectiveness of the model and method.The results show that the proposed cooperative dispatching strategy can effectively reduce the electric energy and reserve clearing price of the transmission network,and improve the operation economy of the distribution network.（3）A decision making method based on stackelberg game is proposed.Firstly,a bi-level model of transmission and distribution cooperative unit combination is established based on stackelberg game architecture.The upper layer is the unit combination model of transmission network,and the lower layer is the economic dispatching model of distribution network considering second-order cone ac power flow constraint.Then,the proposed bilevel optimization model based on stackelberg game is difficult to be solved directly for the upper and lower problems are nested together,an algorithm that the unit commitment and economic dispatch coupled with transmission and distribution based on stackelberg game solved alternatively is prposed.Finally,a T30D2 simulation example is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and method.The results show that the proposed cooperative unit combination decision can reduce the power output of the units with higher price in the transmission network,avoid the frequent start-up and shutdown of units,and reduce the energy clearing price of the boundary nodes of the transmission and distribution network,thus realizing the economic operation of the transmission and distribution networks.