Research On Fiscal And Tax Policies Supporting The Development Of New Energy Industry Under The Goal Of "Double Carbon"

Ecological issues are related to a country’s future economic development and people’s happiness index.Excessive carbon emissions in various countries have led to a sharp increase in greenhouse gases,the global temperature rise is irresistible,and the climate problem is becoming more and more serious.In order to cope with the resulting environmental crisis,reduce the consumption of fossil and other traditional energy,switch to new energy,and realize the transformation from traditional energy to new energy is imminent.Under the goal of "double carbon",the development of new energy industry is very important for the reconstruction of energy structure and the transformation and upgrading of economic industry.However,at present,the development of new energy industry is restricted by capital and technical conditions,and the development momentum is insufficient,which hinders the realization of the "3060" double carbon goal,which urgently needs the support of the government.As two important tools for the government to regulate the macro-economy,financial subsidies and tax incentives can help the new energy industry break down development barriers.Therefore,an in-depth study of the incentive effect of the government’s fiscal and tax policies on the new energy industry is conducive to improving and perfecting the government fiscal and tax policy system,helping to promote the highquality development of the new energy industry,reshaping the energy structure and transforming and upgrading the economic industry.On the basis of combing the research of scholars at home and abroad,this paper defines the concept of new energy industry and the meaning of financial subsidy and tax preference,and then explains the necessity of government implementing fiscal and tax policies through market failure theory,public investment theory,technological innovation theory and life cycle theory;It further explains the mechanism and path of the impact of fiscal and tax policies on enterprise performance;By combing the existing fiscal and tax policies,we find the shortcomings of the existing policies.Using OLS multiple linear regression equation and taking the financial data of 174 listed companies listed in the new energy concept sector from 2010 to 2019 as samples,this paper sets enterprise performance（TQ）,financial subsidy（lsub）and tax preference（tp）as dependent variables and core explanatory variables respectively,and empirically studies the impact of financial subsidy and tax preference on the enterprise performance of the new energy industry,To seek the best path to support the development of new energy industry under the goal of "double carbon".Using the fixed effect model,this paper empirically draws the following conclusions: 1.There is a significant negative correlation between financial subsidies in new energy industry and enterprise performance,that is,financial subsidies have an inhibitory effect on enterprise performance.This shows that the government should carefully adopt the financial subsidy policy in the process of supporting the development of new energy industry.2.There is a significant positive correlation between the change direction of tax preference in new energy industry and enterprise performance,that is,tax preference has a certain incentive effect on enterprise performance.This shows that under the background of vigorously promoting the "double carbon" goal,the government’s reasonable choice of tax preference can help the high-quality development of new energy industry and the realization of the "30·60" double carbon goal.Combined with the empirical analysis results and research status,this paper puts forward the following specific suggestions from the two aspects of fiscal and tax policies and relevant supporting policies: 1.The government should fully consider the different development stages and industries of enterprises when formulating fiscal and tax policies.2.Timely adjust the intensity of financial subsidies and speed up the formulation and promulgation of special tax laws for new energy industries.And put forward corresponding improvement suggestions for each specific tax preference.3.Local governments should strengthen the investment in supporting facilities and if necessary,introduce a performance evaluation system to evaluate the effect of fiscal and tax policies.