Research On Bidding Behavior Of Pricemaker Electricity Retailers Based On Price Quota Curve

In recent years,with the reform of power system of China,a large number of electricity retailers participate in the electricity market.According to the market share of electricity retailers,they are divided into two categories: price-takers and price-makers.Among them,price-makers have a larger market share and a certain market influence.Their bidding behavior will affect the market clearing price,and then affect their bidding strategies and the smooth operation of the whole electricity market.Considering the influence of price-maker’s bidding strategy on market clearing price and the uncertainty of clearing price,this paper compares the distribution of market clearing price with price quota curves(PQC).Based on PQC,this paper constructs a bidding model of electricity retailers,and then studies and analyzes the bidding behavior of price-maker electricity retailers.So as to provide help for the smooth operation of the whole electricity market.The research structure of this paper is as follows:1.Researching and analyzing the common distribution models of market clearing price,then fitting the distribution of market clearing price based on the actual market transaction data,and comparing the six common distribution models with the actual historical clearing price statistics of PJM market in North America and California electricity market in America.The results show that normal distribution can’t accurately reflect the distribution of market clearing price,α-stable distribution and Skewed Student-t distribution are closer to the actual statistical data,but α-stable distribution has more general advantages.2.Studying and analyzing the price quota curves(PQC).Simplifing the PQC model formula according to the research content of this paper,to reduce the calculation amount of PQC model formula,and constructing the PQC by using market simulation technology based on the actual monthly market transaction data of a province in China.The obtained PQC can accurately reflect the impact of the price maker retailer’s own bidding behavior on the market clearing price,and it is also verified that the PQC is usually a ladder curve in the construction process.3.Based on the distribution of market clearing price and PQC,the traditional bidding model of electricity retailers without PQC is established firstly,and then the bidding model of electricity retailers based on PQC is established.Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the model,and the optimal bidding strategy of price-maker is solved.Then the sensitivity of relevant parameters in the model is analyzed.Finally,the application of the model is simulated by combining the price distribution parameters and the relevant parameters of PQC model formula obtained from the actual market data.The simulation results show that when the bidding model without PQC,the optimal price of the electricity retailer is the same as the settlement price signed with the user,and the electricity quantity reaches the maximum limit.When the bidding model with PQC,for price-maker,the distribution of electricity price and the market quotation rules will have an impact on the bidding behavior of the electricity retailer,and the price-maker will adjusts the bidding strategies to improve its profits according to the changes of the market.By adopting PQC based bidding model,we can better understand price maker’s adjustment of bidding behavior in order to adapt to market changes and improve profits,so as to help market regulators formulate reasonable market trading rules,find trading loopholes and promote the sound development of electricity market.