Research On Landscape Characteristics And Protection Strategies Of Traditional Villages Of Tujia Nationality In Southwest Hubei

The topography,geomorphology and material culture of the Tujia nationality area in southwest Hubei have formed a unique village landscape.Its traditional villages are comprehensive carriers of history,culture,architectural skills,and landscape patterns,reflecting the harmonious relationship between the village and the surrounding natural environment,and it’s an important part of cultural and landscape resources.However,in the development process of rapid urbanization and rural revitalization in China,the remote Tujia nationality area in southwest Hubei has been impacted by modern culture.Traditional villages lack protection,landscape types are reduced,and characteristics are similar,so research is urgently needed to provide solutions.The thesis takes 86 traditional villages of the Tujia nationality in southwest Hubei as the research object,and aims to integrate the overall protection of the village and the surrounding environment,and explore the landscape characteristics and protection strategies of the traditional villages in the region.The thesis conducts research on three levels:The base landscape of villages-The noumenon landscape of village-typical cases.The first layer,based on the Landscape Character Assessment(LCA)system,explores the landscape characteristics at the base scale of the village.The Arc GIS software is used to overlay the attribute data of three landscape feature factors,altitude,undulation and land cover,to generate the base landscape feature map and analyze the landscape features.In the second layer,based on the kernel density analysis method,this paper explores the landscape characteristics of the village ontology scale on the basis of the landscape characteristics.Combining the material and cultural landscape,it divides the natural landscape,architectural landscape,red landscape,historical landscape,traditional skills and intangible cultural heritage folk custom into six types,and uses Arc GIS software to generate the landscape characteristic map and analyze the landscape characteristics.In the third layer,the landscape features of Erguanzhai village,Shuitianba village and Dajichang village are selected as typical cases to describe and identify the village landscape characteristics based on the three elements of natural characteristics,humanistic characteristics and aesthetic perception.The research results of landscape characteristics include(1)There are 35 types of base landscape characteristics types,and 12 types of traditional villages are mainly distributed.The base environment is unified,mainly at medium and low altitudes,and the undulating height is mainly hills or small undulations,mainly Landscapes of farmland,broad-leaved forest,coniferous forest,and shrub forest.Villages with many landscape features are located in mountainous areas with lower terrain,gentle slopes,and more land suitable for farmland.The village creates cultural landscapes represented by farmland,broad-leaved forests The natural vegetation of the coniferous forest provides building materials and energy for life,and the harmonious coexistence of man and nature gives rise to unique geographical characteristics of the landscape.(2)The characteristics of the landscape form a large gathering area in terms of spatial distribution.The landscape types are diverse and each type has typical representative villages.According to the density,it can be divided into core area,concentration area,buffer zone,transition area and discrete area.Areas,landscape types decrease in order,of which architectural landscape and natural landscape features are the most diverse.There are villages with a large number of farmland landscapes,natural landscapes and cultural landscapes are more closely integrated.The northwestern border zone,which is less damaged by humans,has biological resources and primitive traditions There are more landscape grids such as craftsmanship.The larger undulations are conducive to the formation of terraced landscapes,on the contrary,it is conducive to the construction and development of villages,but it is difficult to create characteristic natural landscapes.The remote and primitive villages in the east use mountain materials to construct architectural landscapes,At the same time,the red landscape is deeper.(3)Comprehensive three-level research results,summarize the current characteristics of the landscape: rich and diverse types,obvious divisions and classifications,disconnected development levels,and lack of characteristic protection;the corresponding protection strategies are: based on overall protection,divisional and hierarchical protection,and characteristic key protection.The research results can provide reference for regional management and landscape protection,with a view to improving the status quo of traditional villages and achieving sustainable development.