Study On Optimization Method Of Plan Design Of Infectious Disease Hospital Under The Mode Of "Combination Of Peacetime And Wartime"

COVID-19 epidemic has the characteristics of rapid spread and wide range of infections,which poses a great threat to people’s lives,property,physical and mental health.The frequent phenomena of bed shortages and nosocomial infections during the epidemic show that China’s ability to respond to emergencies in public health needs to be improved,which proposes higher standards and requirements for the construction of infectious disease hospitals in our country in the future.As the main force for responding to emerging infectious diseases,infectious disease hospitals have heavy responsibility.Therefore,the National Health Commission puts forward the idea of “combination of peacetime and wartime” to build infectious disease hospital to strengthen the ability of infectious disease hospitals to resist risks in response to similar epidemics.This paper focuses on the two key parts of design of the infectious disease hospitals,the general plans and the plans of the nursing unit,uses parametric modeling and generative design method to study the plans with higher efficiency and lower risk in the mode of " combination of peacetime and wartime ",providing new ideas and methods for the design and optimization of infectious disease hospital plans.This paper establishes a multi-objective planning model,uses generative design method to obtain general plans with high operating efficiency and can realize peacetime-to-wartime conversion,and optimizes operation efficiency,risk and ventilation situation.First,a summary and analysis of standard documents of national,local and industry and cases of achieving excellent prevention and control effects in the fight against COVID-19 epidemic are carried out,a deep analysis of architectural space,streamline organization is made,and five optimization points of functional zoning,ventilation requirements,isolation requirements,streamline organization,and hierarchical prevention and control are obtained,and the design optimization parameters of composition of plans,area type,adjacent places and location of places are extracted from them.On this basis,a multi-objective planning model is established with the location of the places as an independent variable,and the defined adjacent preference score,risk coefficient score and ventilation score as the goals.Secondly,in order to optimize the general plans of infectious disease hospitals,the average number of beds in the existing infectious disease hospitals in the statistical yearbook is used as its scale,a plan optimization model is established in the Dynamo,a parametric design tool,and the optimal solution under the optimal control points are obtained.In addition,a post-evaluation method based on engineering simulation is proposed to verify the generated scheme to ensure its validity and accuracy.Based on the above method,the paper takes the nursing unit of an infectious disease hospital in Wuhan as the research object,the nursing efficiency score as the optimization target is introduced,and three plans whose target indicators are better than the original plan through generative design method are generated.Subsequently,an evaluation of engineering simulation is carried out on the optimized plan and the validity is ensured,eventually the owner adopted the optimization plan.Finally,this paper summarizes the key points of the optimization of plan design and optimization process of infectious disease hospitals,and puts forward guiding suggestions for the plan optimization of infectious disease hospitals in the future.