An Investigation On The Mission Planning Of Satellite Orbit Maneuver For Multi-target Imaging

In recent years,earth observation satellites play an increasingly important role in terrain survey,disaster surveillance,military reconnaissance and other fields.At the same time,in order to improve the emergency observation ability of earth observation satellites,the earth observation satellites combined with rapid response space technology have attracted the attention of scholars all over the world.Based on the background of rapid response space mission,this paper adjusts the orbit of satellite sub-satellite point by orbital maneuver,and carries out the mission planning of ground multi-target imaging.The tangential impulse estimation model based on the minimum longitude difference of satellite flying over the ground target latitude is established.According to different observation modes of single satellite and satellite constellation,using the common performance indexes in the existing engineering,the solving effects of heuristic algorithm based on genetic algorithm and ground target priority in the task planning problem are discussed respectively under the two observation modes.The specific research work of this dissertation is as follows:For the estimation of the impulse needed to adjust the trajectory of the satellite,the minimum longitude difference between the orbit of the satellite and the ground target in the specified days is solved by using the time difference between the target point moving from the earth to the satellite orbit surface and the satellite flying over the latitude coil of the ground target.By using Gauss variational equation and the change of the number of orbital roots under the model,the approximate linear relationship between the longitude difference of the maneuvering orbit before and after the pulse and the reference orbit flying over the same latitude circle and the flight time of the satellite along the reference orbit is derived,and the estimated tangential pulse is completed.For the problem of establishing the mission planning model,the assumption conditions of the model are given.Based on the analysis of the real situation of satellite operation and the difficulty of solving the algorithm,a constraint satisfaction model is established,which includes the constraints of satellite zenith crossing,maneuverability,orbit height and solar altitude angle.The ground targets are classified according to the priority of mission observation.For the task planning problem of single satellite imaging ground targets,the specific process of single satellite task planning using genetic algorithm is given.This dissertation proposes a hierarchical non screening algorithm based on the observation priority of ground target.The algorithm selects the target point corresponding to the highest index revenue in the current highest priority to observe,which improves the calculation efficiency on the premise of ensuring a certain index revenue.At the same time,the hierarchical non screening algorithm proposed above is improved,and a hierarchical screening algorithm is proposed,which uses the index income of this time and the next time to determine the observation target.For the task planning of satellite constellation imaging to ground target points,the genetic algorithm is used to complete the task assignment and the selection of satellite to ground target points.The hierarchical filtering algorithm based on single satellite is used to pre allocate satellite observation,and the target redistribution is carried out based on the satellite load type.Then,a hierarchical filtering algorithm for satellite constellation is proposed.The strategy of satellite allocation is improved,and the improved hierarchical filtering algorithm of satellite constellation is proposed.