Research On Environmental And Economic Optimization Of The Battery Swapping Heavy-duty Truck Industry Chain

In the context of increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements,and adjustments in transportation structures such as railway transfers and water transfers,the demand for short-distance and reverse transportation has increased,driving the growth of the electric heavy-duty truck market.Among them,the replacement heavy-duty truck is suitable for short-and medium-distance scenarios such as transshipment yards,mines,ports,construction sites,steel mills,urban transportation,etc.The operation method of "separation of vehicle and electricity" is adopted,which overcomes the low efficiency and initial operation of pure electric heavy-duty trucks.The pain point of excessive investment can meet the needs of high-frequency operation vehicles of heavy-duty trucks,improve vehicle operation efficiency,return rate and convenience,and have higher economic and environmental benefits.In the chain of large-scale development of power-swapping heavy-duty trucks in short-distance and high-frequency scenarios,the behaviors of major interest groups such as generators,power grids,power-swap operators,users,and financial leasing companies directly affect the market size and potential energy-saving and emission-reduction benefits.Therefore,research on the environmental and economic optimization mechanism of the replacement heavy-duty truck industry chain in the short-distance and high-frequency scenario is of great significance to the realization of its commercial promotion.Based on the analysis of the participants in the heavy-duty truck industry chain and the activity value of each link,this paper proposes a theoretical mechanism for industry chain optimization.On the basis of theoretical analysis,the cost analysis of the power generation,transmission,and charging and replacement links in the industrial chain is carried out,and constraints are set to establish an economic benefit optimization model with the goal of minimizing the cost of the industrial chain;in terms of environmental benefits In the optimization model,the concept of low-carbon benefits is introduced,and an environmental benefit optimization model with the goal of maximizing low-carbon benefits is established.Through the analysis of calculation examples,the scale,total cost,and low-carbon benefits of the power exchange station under the conventional and accelerated transformation scenarios of the energy structure are simulated respectively,and feasible mechanisms for realizing the optimization of the industrial chain under the maximum benefit are discussed.The results show that:(1)Under the same transformation situation and battery charging and discharging form,greater low-carbon benefits means higher total industrial chain costs and larger scale of replacement stations,and the scale of replacement stations when low-carbon benefits are maximized It is larger than the scale of power station replacement when the total cost is the smallest,and the total cost of the industrial chain when the low-carbon benefit is maximized is also greater than the minimum total cost of the industrial chain.(2)Under the same transformation scenario,when considering battery energy storage and discharge,it will have a positive effect on the optimization of the economic and environmental benefits of the industrial chain.The scale of substation replacement under the goals of minimizing industrial chain costs and maximizing low-carbon benefits is larger than when only charging is considered,and the corresponding low-carbon benefits are also greater.(3)The overall low-carbon benefits and total cost of the industrial chain under the accelerated transformation scenario are higher than those under the conventional transformation scenario.Whether it is aimed at minimizing the cost of the industrial chain or maximizing low-carbon benefits,the scale of the obtained replacement power station is equal.It is larger than the scale of the replacement station under the conventional transformation scenario,but at the same time,the total cost of the industrial chain is also higher than the conventional transformation scenario.