The Research On The Restoration And Reuse Of Chinese Eastern Railway Staff Residence In Garden District Of Harbin

Garden historical and cultural block has a history of more than 100 years.It is the only existing area in Harbin that still maintains the basic appearance of the residential area during the opening of the city.The historical architectures in the block are all houses provided by Russian workers of Chinese Eastern Railway who came to work in Harbin 100 years ago.In 2006,Harbin municipal government announced Garden District as a historical and cultural protection block.In 2013,the historical architectures in Garden District were identified as immovable cultural relics.However,the protection of Garden District is not ideal.Since the Aborigines were moved out in 2011,the block has been in a state of waste for a long time,and the cultural relic architectures in the block are seriously damaged due to no management.In 2019,Russia’s St.Petersburg State University and Harbin Institute of technology signed an agreement to build a Sino Russian Joint University in Harbin.The location of the new campus is Garden District which has been abandoned for many years.The cultural relics in the block have finally ushered in a good opportunity for restoration and reuse.In this paper,the architectural characteristics and damage of Chinese Eastern Railway Staff Residence in Garden District are analyzed and investigated at first.Combined with the old drawings and the status quo of the cultural relic architectures,this paper summarizes that the residential buildings have a distinct characteristic of standardized design.On the basis of field investigation,this paper analyzes and studies the disease morphology,disease regularity and disease causes of cultural relic buildings in Garden District.In addition,this paper introduces the principle of analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and related software to make a relatively objective and comprehensive evaluation of the status and value of the cultural relics in the Garden District.On the basis of sufficient historical data research and detailed site investigation,this paper puts forward the restoration measures of the Chinese Eastern Railway Staff Residence in Garden District.In view of the deterioration of iron roof,triangular roof truss,fair faced brick wall,wood wall,stone plinth,door and window components,interior partition wall,ceiling floor and other building parts,this paper gives practical and feasible solutions,and puts forward appropriate repair technology.Reasonable utilization is the best protection for the cultural relics.Chinese Eastern Railway Staff Residence in Garden District needs to be endowed with appropriate functions after the restoration,so as to integrate into the campus of Sino Russian United University in the future.This paper puts forward three kinds of function replacement modes: Studio mode,cultural facilities mode and commercial facilities mode.On this basis,it puts forward three space design strategies: shaping the historical atmosphere,reconstructing the spatial order and combing the traffic flow lines.At the same time,in order to adapt to the new function,the facades of the cultural relic architectures need to be micro transformed,and the external environment also needs to be updated and designed according to the requirements of the new functions.Through the above research,the purpose is to provide certain guidance for the restoration and reuse of the Chinese Eastern Railway Staff Residence in Garden District,and as a practice,to rich research results in the field of the protection and restoration of cultural relic architectures.The other purpose is to provide reference for the protection and restoration of other cultural relic architectures in cold region.