| A comfortable open space is beneficial for citizens’ happiness.However,the area of the human construction is expanding soon and the balance between human and nature is broken in the context of rapid urbanization.Therefore,urban heat island(UHI)continues to intensify,so more and more people choice to stay at home for a long time.They want to be able to keep comfortable through HVAC system.But the long-term indoor life not only increases the energy consumption,but also leads to a series of health disorders.It is important for the improving of human well-being by creating the good quality space that meets the people’s needs for outdoor activities,for example the urban park.Therefore,the park design should not only meet the needs of comfort,but also the multi-dimensional needs to showing the consideration of humanistic care.To realizing the people-oriented park design,this study firstly applied the aggregative indicator consisted of thermal comfort,physical fitness,and emotional valence as evaluative point.Two types of paths named Sunshine Path and Boulevard Path in Harbin Stalin Waterfront Park were chosen to be objects and their users’ local skin temperature and core temperature were being constantly monitored with their local thermal sensation vote,overall thermal sensation vote,thermal comfort vote,physical fitness index and emotional valence index investigated as well according to questionnaire.The results indicated that Boulevard Path could reduce both the core temperature and skin temperature of subjects compared with Sunshine Path.Subjects’ core temperature in Boulevard Path group is 0.35℃ lower than Sunshine Path group.Moreover,skin temperature of subjects’ different body segments in Boulevard Path group showed varying degrees of decline than Sunshine Path group and the valued is between 0.18 and 1.98℃.There are also some discrepancy results showed in the aspect of subjective thermal comfort indicators between Boulevard Path and Sunshine Path.Thermal sensation vote in the Boulevard Path group are 1.56 units lower compared with Sunshine Path group,when thermal comfort vote are 1.1 units higher.Throughout the data change of the entire experiment,subjects in the Boulevard group feel comfortable all the time,but subjects who walk along the Sunshine Path feel comfortable during the early 15 minutes only and when their walking time spent exceed 15 minutes,they would feel uncomfortable.As shown in the result of physical fitness index,it would be more fatigable when walking along the Sunshine Path than Boulevard Path.Subjects’ physical fitness level in Boulevard Path group are significantly better than Sunshine Path group in the first 30 minutes,until when the time exceed 50 minutes the situation would be nearly similar.Throughout the data change of the entire experiment,subjects who walk along the Boulevard Path would feel tired 30 minutes later,however subjects who walk along the Sunshine Path would feel tire 20 minutes later.Lastly,the result of the emotional valence concluded that subjects in Sunshine Path group would feel happier in the first 10 minutes compared with Boulevard Path,because of human’s hydrophilic nature.However,10 minutes later their emotional valence level drop rapidly,and in the last subject’s emotional valence index in Sunshine Path group are 0.5 units lower.Depending on the above results,there will be some potential suggestions for sightseeing space design and landscape facility planning for waterfront park which could be offered as useful supplementary theory for the present leisure path design principles. |
