Analysis On The Influencing Factors Of High Speed Railway Station Development In Small And Medium Cities

China’s high-speed railway is in the stage of rapid development.By the end of 2020,the operating mileage of China’s high-speed railway has reached nearly 40000 km.The high-speed railway station area is the most significant area affected by the high-speed railway effect.The development of the station area plays an important role in the economic development of the station area itself and its surrounding areas.In the face of the common problems of high-speed railway station area in small and medium-sized cities,such as the fuzzy positioning of station area function,the unreasonable scale and proportion of land use,and the same construction content in the station area,the research on the main influencing factors of high-speed railway station area development in small and medium-sized cities will help to ensure the reasonable development of high-speed railway station area and bring good high-speed railway benefits to small and mediumsized cities.Based on the research background,this paper puts forward two main research questions:(1)what are the key factors affecting the development of high-speed rail station area in small and medium-sized cities?(2)Are there any differences in the key factors affecting the development of high-speed railway station areas in small and medium-sized cities with different development levels?This paper selects 56 special high-speed railway stations in small and medium-sized cities which have been in operation for more than 5 years as the research object.Firstly,the development status and existing problems of high-speed railway station areas in small and medium-sized cities are analyzed and summarized.Then,through the analysis of the relevant theories,select the relevant variables,and use the data in 2019 to conduct empirical research on the influencing factors of the development of high-speed railway station areas in small and medium-sized cities.Among them,the research scope of the station area is the land development within 1000 meters around the high-speed railway station,and the development level of the station area is characterized by the land development rate of the station area;the variables of the influencing factors of the development of the station area are selected from the urban population scale,the urban economic development level,and the accessibility of the station area in 10 indicators.Due to the high correlation among the 10 variables of the influencing factors,5representative independent variables were selected through cluster analysis.In order to analyze the differences of key factors in the development of high-speed railway station area in cities with different development levels,the comprehensive score of urban development level is calculated by principal component analysis,and the samples are divided into two categories according to the comprehensive score: higher urban development level and lower urban development level.Two multiple linear regression models are constructed,and the regression analysis of the whole sample is carried out by the least square method.The fitting effect of the original data and the model after taking the natural logarithm is compared,and the more suitable model is selected for sub sample regression.Because of the limitation of the least square method,this paper uses quantile regression method to analyze the whole sample and sub sample to study the difference of the key factors affecting the development of high-speed rail station area in small and medium-sized cities under different quantiles.The empirical results show that: For small and medium-sized cities as a whole,urban GDP and station city spatial distance are important factors affecting the development of high-speed rail station area.However,the key factors affecting the development of highspeed railway station area are different among small and medium-sized cities with different development levels;In small and medium-sized cities with high development level,urban GDP,the proportion of tertiary industry,station area and station city space distance are important factors affecting high-speed rail station area;In small and mediumsized cities with low development level,urban GDP and station city space distance are important factors for the development of high-speed railway station area.