Modeling And Simulation Research Of Passenger Boarding And Alighting Movement Behavior On Urban Rail Transit Station Platform

Urban rail transit has become the main public transportation mode for residents to travel by virtue of its advantages such as punctuality,safety,and speed.However,the rapid increase in passenger flow has also put tremendous pressure on station operations,especially as the platform is an important collection and distribution place for the station,where passengers are highly concentrated and crowd movements are complex and changeable.The process of passenger boarding and alighting is an important aspect that leads to the complexity of crowd movement,which will have an important impact on the distribution of platform passengers,train dwell time,station service level and system operation efficiency.Therefore,analyzing the movement process of passengers boarding and alighting is of great significance to reveal the mechanism of bottleneck generation and evolution at the train door,and it also provides a scientific basis for passenger boarding and alighting management and a reasonable estimation of train dwell time.In view of this,this paper focuses on the analysis of passenger boarding and alighting movement characteristics,constructs passenger boarding and alighting movement behavior model,and studies the influence of passenger complex behavior on boarding and alighting efficiency.The main research work is as follows:(1)The movement characteristics of passenger boarding and alighting are analyzed.Firstly,the passenger movement is divided into three stages: waiting on the platform,boarding and alighting,and leaving the platform,and four types of movement behaviors of boarding and alighting passenger are analyzed qualitatively,which are passenger choice,moving,queuing and boarding and alighting.Then,boarding and alighting time and time interval between adjacent passengers are extracted,and the dynamic characteristics in boarding and alighting stage are analyzed quantitatively.Finally,a questionnaire is designed to analyze the main factors influencing the choice of waiting area and platform exits.(2)The passenger boarding and alighting movement behavior of the door bottleneck is modeled.Firstly,the basic walking behavior of passenger is described by modeling the pedestrian movement environment floor field and pedestrian individual dynamics.Then,the boarding time selection parameters,slowdown parameters and competition parameters are introduced to further characterize the passing behavior of passenger at the bottleneck of the door.Finally,the model is applied to a single B-type vehicle simulation scene,and the model parameters are calibrated based on the statistical data.The results show that the simulation effect of passenger boarding and alighting motion law and motion state is better,and the error with the actual statistical data is less than 5%,indicating that the model can better simulate passenger boarding and alighting process at the bottleneck of the door.(3)The passenger boarding and alighting movement behavior on the platform is modeled.Firstly,considering the waiting stage and departure stage of passenger,the models of waiting area selection and platform exit selection are established to describe the waiting position and exit selection behavior of passengers at each time.Then,the passenger movement rules and queuing rules on the platform are added to further characterize the movement behavior of passenger at different stages in different platform areas.Finally,the model is applied to the platform of Xizhimen Station Line 2 for example verification.The results show that the simulation effects of passenger trajectory,passenger distribution in waiting area,boarding/alighting and passenger exit efficiency were more consistent with the actual situation,indicating that the model can better simulate the whole process of passenger boarding and alighting on the platform.(4)Based on the above model,the influence of passenger complex behavior on boarding and alighting efficiency is analyzed.Taking boarding and alighting time as the efficiency index,the simulation experiment is set up by using the control variable method to study the relationship between the boarding and alighting efficiency and the three kinds of behaviors of passenger waiting position selection,queuing and boarding time selection.The simulation results show that passenger behavior will affect the queuing number of waiting area,door carrying capacity and the degree of mixed boarding and alighting,which changes the boarding and alighting movement process and boarding and alighting time of passengers,thereby affects passenger boarding and alighting efficiency.