| The young poultry transport vehicle is a special van transport vehicle,mainly used to transport poultry for hatcheries and poultry breeding bases.How to improve the stability of carriages,provide a stable internal environment for chickens and reduce the death rate of chickens during transportation has been the focus of attention of major consumers.Therefore,the finite element analysis of the young poultry transport vehicle and the simulation study of the environment in the carriage under different working conditions are of great significance for improving product quality and market competitiveness while reducing production costs.The research object is a young poultry transport vehicle that has been designed and developed.Firstly,the three-dimensional model and finite element model of carriage skeleton are established by using UG modeling software and Hyper Works finite element analysis software.The static analysis and free modal analysis of carriage structure are carried out under three typical working conditions.According to the analysis results,the size of carriage is optimized and studied.After this,the static and modal analysises are carried out again to verify the optimized carriage skeleton.The results show that the carriage skeleton can reduce weight by 16.9% without resonance with the external excitation,thereby achieving the goal of lightweight design.Taking the ventilation structure of the carriage in summer as the research object,the three-dimensional steady-state simulation of the temperature field and airflow field in the van in summer is carried out by using Fluent software.The simulation results show that the temperature at the rear of the carriage is higher than that at the front of the carriage,and the air velocity at the entrance and exit of the carriage is the highest,while the air velocity at other places is relatively low,especially near the chicken racks on both sides of the front of the carriage.According to the existing problems,the improved scheme of double water curtain instead of single water curtain is adopted,so that the cold air from the front water curtain can flow smoothly to the chicken shelves on both sides.The simulation results show that the temperature in the improved compartment decreases by about 1℃,and the dead area of ventilation disappears.Thus,the temperature field and airflow field in the compartment meet the requirements of poultry transportation,indicating that the improved scheme is feasible.Taking the ventilation structure and intake pipeline of the chamber in winter as the research object,the three-dimensional steady-state simulation of the temperature field and airflow field of the chamber intake pipeline and the chamber is carried out by using Fluent software.The simulation results show that the temperature range in the chamber is32.7℃～33.1℃,which meets the requirements of transportation of chickens;the airflow velocity in the chamber decreases gradually from the bottom to the top,ranging from0.2m/s～1.29m/s,and there is a large area of ventilation dead zone at the section y=500mm from the bottom of the box.As the environmental problem in the chamber is concerned,the solution of increasing the intake air flow is put forward.The improved scheme is simulated and validated after replacing the large flow defroster and increasing the diameter of the intake pipeline.The results show that the temperature in the chamber is basically unchanged compared with that before optimization,and the temperature range meets the requirements of transportation of chicks;the original dead area of ventilation in the chamber is greatly reduced.The remaining dead area of ventilation is basically distributed in the corner of the body,and will not have a great impact on the transportation safety.Therefore,the improved scheme turns out to be feasible. |
