Technical And Economic Analysis Of Applying Demand Response In Peak Load Regulation And Relevant Mechanism Design

In recent years,the peak-valley difference of power grid has been widened under the influence of many factors,such as the growth of power load due to economic development,the diversification of power consumption characteristics of users,and the large-scale integration of intermittent renewable energy to the power system.The peak load regulation capacity of existing peak load regulation resources(such as pumped storage energy and traditional generating units),can not meet the peak load regulation demand of the system.So it is urgent to explore new peak load regulation resources.Demand response,as a positive means for demand side to participate in the power system balance,provides a new idea for peak load regulation of power grid.Its technical feasibility and economic benefits have been preliminarily verified in some research and practice.In order to better carry out the demand response pilot work and reasonably evaluate the implementation effect of demand response,it is necessary to study and design the relevant mechanisms,including the baseline load calculation method,demand response performance evaluation method,demand response reward and punishment mechanism,etc.Based on this background,this paper focuses on the following aspects:1)Technical/economic analysis and model construction of peak load regulation provided by demand response.This part focuses on the application of demand response in peak load regulation of power grid.Firstly,the classification and technical characteristics of demand response are summarized,and the technical feasibility of demand response participating in peak load regulation of power grid is demonstrated.Then,the economy of demand response participating in peak load regulation is evaluated,including construction cost,operation cost,price change trend,etc.Finally,taking the complex microgrid system as the research object,the model of demand response providing peak load regulation is constructed,and the positive role of microgrid participating in demand response to provide peak load regulation is demonstrated by setting different demand response incentive mechanisms.2)Studies on a demand response user baseline load calculation method based on Gaussian process and probabilistic estimation.This part studies the relevant mechanism of demand response events,and mainly focuses on the baseline load calculation method.First of all,this part classifies the commonly used baseline load calculation methods at home and abroad.Combined with the advantages of different methods,this part proposes a demand response user baseline load calculation method based on Gaussian process and probabilistic estimation.The proposed method can make full use of all historical data of users as prior knowledge,and adjust prediction results according to historical similar days,thus improve the accuracy of prediction results.Finally,using actual user load data,the proposed baseline load calculation method is compared with the old avaraging methods.The results verify the rationality and accuracy of the proposed method.3)Analyses on an incentive compatible evaluation method of demand response performance.Based on the research of the baseline load calculation method in the previous chapter,the performance evaluation method of demand response and the corresponding reward and punishment mechanism are designed.First of all,the existing demand response evaluation methods are classified and summarized.On this basis,a demand response performance evaluation method based on the optimal model of subscription load reduction is proposed.Taking the minimum amount of reward paid by the implementer of demand response event as the optimization goal,considering the constraints of total reduction and user reduction range,the optimized subscription load reduction can be obtained.This method can ensure the demand response peak shaving target as well as economic optimization.At the same time,a multi-dimensional demand response performance evaluation method is proposed,which evaluates the response performance from load reduction,response speed,duration,response mode and other dimensions.On this basis,the demand response reward and punishment mechanism based on the baseline load is designed.By setting the reward capacity and punishment capacity,users can be effectively encouraged to reduce the load according to the reduction order at the benefit level,so as to achieve the goal of accurately implementing demand response events.Finally,an example is given to show the difference between the single and multi-dimensional demand response performance evaluation methods.Finally,the research results of this paper are summarized,the shortcomings are analyzed,and the future research content and direction are given.