Study On The Architectural Form Of Flowery Pagoda In Liao And Jin Dynasties

Among the existing types of pagodas in Liao and Jin Dynasties,Hua T’a is the most unique and rare.The Liao and Jin Dynasties is a period of various types of pagodas.Hua T’a has its unique and exquisite architectural features compared with other types of pagodas in terms of construction technology,brick carving technology,and artistic value.Hua T’a originated in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song and Liao Dynasties.However,due to the changes of historical geography and climate,complicated construction process,subjective changes of the times,and changes of the mainstream religious sects,the Jin Dynasty and the Yuan Dynasty suddenly turned to decline,and finally disappeared due to the prosperity of Lamaism in the Yuan Dynasty.Based on the name and architectural form of Guanghui Hua T’a in Zhengding,Hebei Province in Jin Dynasty studied by Mr.Liang Sicheng,after counting 21 pagodas commonly known as "Flowery pagoda" in broad sense in China,except Fushan pagoda,Liurong Temple Pagoda,pomegranate Pagoda in Wuhan and Baoqing Temple Pagoda(Clam Guanyin pagoda),the remaining 17 pagodas,a total of 19 pagodas in the same region,at the same time period,were divided into three groups The same architectural form can be divided into Tang&Song Dynasties Hua T’a-Xiude Temple Pagoda,Jiuding Pagoda,Xiansheng Temple Hua T’a(destroyed),Chengchengwan Hua T’a;Tang&Song Dynasties Flowery pagoda-Xiuding Temple Pagoda(1930s),Kaihua temple LIANLI pagoda(Two),Vimukta master pagoda;Liao Dynasty Hua T’a have Wanfo Hall Hua T’a,Qinghua temple Hua T’a,Axletree Mountain Hua T’a in Fengrun(Fengrun pharmacist Ling T’a),Bangji Hua T’a;Jin Dynasty Hua T’a have Guanghui Ssu(Temple)Hua T’a,Zhengang Hua T’a;Jin Dynasty Flowery pagoda-Gaogong Master pagoda,Nameless little Flowery pagoda,Huangtong five year Flowery pagoda,Hujiazhuang Flowery pagoda(North and South).Based on the analysis of the individual buildings of Hua T’a in Liao and Jin Dynasties,this paper preliminarily sums up the common characteristics and individual characteristics of Hua T’a and Flowery pagoda in two different architectural forms,and summarizes the specific characteristics of Hua T’a and Flowery pagoda.Based on the predecessors’ research view of "modulus" and other mathematical relations,this paper uses the research methods such as the combination of architecture and mathematics to improve the shape system of Flowery pagoda architecture.The research team conducted a preliminary investigation on more than 100 existing Liao and Jin pagodas,and used a Three-dimensional(3D)Laser Scanner to collect data to form a point cloud data map.In this paper,CAD software will be used to draw the elevation of Liao &Jin Dynasty Hua T’a(except Guanghui temple Hua T’a)to obtain the basic data size in the elevation composition,and analyze the mathematical relations such as the comparison of different parts,the comparison of scale,the relationship between scores and so on.Most scholars believe that the Hua T’a in the Liao and Jin Dynasties evolved from the Dense Eaves pagoda and the Pavilion pagoda.In order to verify that the Hua T’a in the Liao and Jin Dynasties is different from the Pavilion pagoda and the Dense Eaves Pagoda in the Liao Dynasty,this paper will use the mathematical relationship to verify that there is a certain numerical law between the architectural form of the Hua T’a in the Liao and Jin Dynasties and the Dense Eaves pagoda and the Pavilion Pagoda in the Liao Dynasty.At the beginning of the ancients’ ingenious design,the architectural form of Hua T’a in the Liao and Jin Dynasties was determined.The design elements of Dense Eaves Pagoda and Pavilion Pagoda were absorbed and existed in the construction type of Buddhist pagoda in an independent form.