| With the rapid development of urbanization,China’s urbanization process is gradually transiting to rural areas.In the process of urban-rural integration,because of geographical location and other reasons,suburban villages are greatly affected by urbanization,and have greater development advantages compared with other types of villages.At the same time,they are also the most deeply affected by the city,so the transformation and development of suburban villages have become the top priority.Rural public space plays an important role in the whole rural system.It usually embodies the rural regional culture and is closely related to the daily life and production of rural residents.However,the contemporary suburban rural public space is gradually declining due to the lack of "humanity".In the context of rural construction,this paper hopes to explore an optimization method of rural public space based on meeting the villagers’ behavioral needs by studying the relationship between human behavioral needs and rural public space.This paper takes the suburban rural public space as the research object,takes the behavior activities and needs of the villages as the starting point,takes the correlation between space and human behavior needs as the basis,and constructs the evaluation framework of Taiyuan suburban rural public space by using AHP,based on the relevant theoretical research such as the rural human settlement environment quality evaluation system.Finally this paper completes the evaluation of each type of rural public space by the users of three villages based on the analysis of village public space demand and influencing factors and the weight of each index layer is determined,so as to clarify the principles and key points of Taiyuan suburban rural public space optimization design,and put forward the optimization strategies of Taiyuan three village public spaces.This paper is divided into three parts.Firstly,by combing and analyzing the existing policies and related literature,it is found that the suburban villages in China are greatly affected by urbanization at the present stage,focusing on the main problems in the development of urban and rural living environment: the lack of activity sites for neighborhood communication in suburban villages;the serious phenomenon of "population loss",and more "empty" space in villages;the change of the main structure of space use The results show that the form of public space in the village is not in line with the needs of users;the lack of local language in space design leads to the disappearance of the sense of place and "humanity" in public space.Secondly,through the space syntax theory,heat map analysis and other objective research methods,combined with field research,the paper determines the high dimensional space points of the villagers in the three villages,which are used as the space points for the later use of AHP method for spatial evaluation.According to the research on the satisfaction of public space and the behavior demand of users,it is found that the public spaces used for villagers’ activities in the three villages lack "humanity touch" and space vitality.Finally,in view of the problems found in the field survey,combined with the survey results and the analysis of relevant literature,this paper selects a more objective and comprehensive evaluation index,carries on the spatial evaluation of the above selected spatial points based on AHP method,so as to determine the direction and focus of spatial optimization.Based on the principles of integrity,inheritance and regionality,this paper analyzes various types of public buildings in the three villages of Dong Pu,Xi Pu and Nan Pu in Taiyuan City,Shanxi Province.The common space optimization strategies of those are proposed.Through the analysis of the evaluation results of the public space of three suburban villages in Taiyuan city by AHP method,it can be seen that the psychological and behavioral needs of villagers for "proximity" lead to the abandonment of some remote space;the use of public space is dominated by villagers’ spontaneous activities;the layout of communication space is an important factor in the optimization of public space of three suburban villages in Taiyuan city;the utilization rate of "micro environment" space with "humanity" is higher.Therefore,the optimization should be considered from the village level and node space level:the village should build a "One axis-Dual Core-Three areas" public space system that meets the needs of the three villages,integrate the existing resources in the village,and beautify the village environment;the node space level should optimize each type of space from the aspects of safety,comfort,multi price,inheritance,etc.Through the optimization of space to enhance the vitality of Taiyuan suburban rural public space,so that "rural construction site is more like the countryside",to provide reference for the rural construction and optimization of the same type of villages in Shanxi Province. |
