| Demand response is an effective measure to meet the challenges of high-energy penetration of new energy,substitution of electricity,and market opening.The currently widely used demand response mechanisms are based on load baselines.After large-scale promotion,they will face many difficult problems,including baseline load calculations,implementation mechanisms,user contribution evaluation,and incentive quantification.To this end,this article proposes the concept,theory,and model of directrix load,and based on this,conducts research on demand response implementation methods and incentive mechanisms,as well as methods to use it to improve the grid’s ability to respond to disasters.The main contributions include:The concept of directrix load and a large-scale demand response implementation method based on it are proposed.A new concept,model and similarity index of directrix load are proposed,and the similarity index of the alignment is used as a quantitative evaluation index of the user’s contribution to large-scale demand response to guide users to improve the load curve.From the perspective of the load aggregator,a line-of-line decomposition method is proposed to provide abundant alternatives for a large number of demand response users and better tap the user response potential.The incentive mechanism based on demand response credits is studied.Based on behavioral economics theory and integral management theory,a demand response credits model is proposed.The model comprehensively calculates the credits obtained by users in the process of participating in propaganda,signing contracts,participating in responses,and effect evaluation.User credits can participate in rankings to obtain corresponding rights and interests,and obtain economic incentives.The analysis of examples shows that the proposed power credits method can meet the actual needs of large-scale demand response,and can effectively encourage users to participate in the response and improve the response effect.The method of improving the disaster response capacity of the power grid in the park based on demand response was studied.In order to quantify the ability of the park’s power grid to withstand natural disasters or strong disturbances,a resilience evaluation model of the park’s power grid was first established to describe the dynamic changes in the health of the power grid before and after the disaster.Furthermore,the demand response is used to improve the disaster response capability of the park’s power grid.Based on the directrix load,it encourages users to actively and spontaneously change the load demand during the disaster process,and improve the resilience of the power grid.A test system was constructed based on an actual microgrid.An example analysis shows that the proposed resilience evaluation method can effectively quantify the operation capability of the park’s power grid during a disaster.The demand response based on the directrix load can improve the power grid’s ability to respond to disasters to a certain extent. |
