Research And Design Of Smart Contracts For Electric Load Demand Response

With the deepening transformation of China’s energy structure and the rapid development of renewable energy,the uncertainty of power supply has therefore increased.At the same time,the peak load on the customer side of the grid is increasing year by year,and the problem of seasonal and periodic power supply shortages is gradually intensifying.In this context,using the electricity demand response strategy to solve such problems in China has become a mainstream solution,so the research in this thesis aims to solve the problems of insufficient demand response incentive,poor response effect,and task load allocation under the traditional model by introducing blockchain smart contract technology,and the main research contents are as follows:1.Through the analysis of demand response operation scenarios,this thesis proposes a point incentive mechanism based on a reputation evaluation system for solving the problem of insufficient incentive and poor response effect.Firstly,a subgroup reputation evaluation system is established,and users are divided into five groups according to their reputation value,while users with three default records were classified into blacklist groups.Secondly,a calculation model based on the sigmoid function is proposed,which applies to the calculation of reputation value in the demand response scenario.Then,the lifecycle mechanism of points is designed,which goes through five stages in total,from the initial stage generated by aggregators to the clearing stage recycled by aggregators.Finally,this thesis establishes a model for calculating points by considering factors such as response type,response urgency,load response rate,and reputation system impact index.This thesis solves the problem of insufficient demand response incentive and poor response effect under the traditional model by the incentive mechanism of regulating user behavior through reputation value and rewarding user participation in tasks with points.2.For the implementation of the incentive mechanism,a blockchain wallet based on the account balance model is designed in this thesis for points as well as reputation value management.First,this thesis designs the account data structure of the wallet,which is stored on the blockchain in the form of key-value pairs.Then,this thesis designs the wallet operations,including user registration and login,user asset query,user points transfer,user reputation value modification,and user history query.Finally,after stress testing,the transaction pass rate of all modules exceeds 98%,and the average response time is less than 5 s.The result shows that the blockchain wallet designed and implemented in this thesis meets the functional and non-functional requirements of the system.3.In this thesis,an improved allocation policy model based on the base policies is developed for the task load allocation problem.This thesis first designs three basic allocation strategies,including trying to make the remaining allocatable loads of users equal,trying to satisfy the willing loads of users with high reputation values,and trying to select users with high reputation values to perform tasks,considering the fairness of allocation,incentive,and functionality of the system,respectively.On this basis,this thesis finally obtains a hybrid policy model by integrating the above-mentioned basic policies and considering different allocation policies under different conditions.The experimental simulation results and analysis show that the proposed model has the advantages of better system functionality,incentive,and fairness compared with the previous basic strategy model.