A Study On The Evacuation Efficiency Of Stairs And Escalators In Subway Station

With the rapid development of China’s subway transportation hub,subway plays a very important role in the construction of urbanization.The planning standard for urban underground space issued by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development in2019 further points out the potential and trend of deep development and utilization of metro station construction.However,the current metro design code and other relevant standards do not provide clear standards and guidelines for the evacuation of deep underground metro station.For example,the evacuation time from platform to outdoor ground is not provided with corresponding standards,and the upstream evacuation process is not considered The negative impact of the fatigue on the evacuation efficiency of the escalators is not significant for the subway construction and the safety design of the escalators.In addition,in the existing subway evacuation simulation research,the proportion of stairs and escalators used in the evacuation process is often not considered,or the proportion of stairs and escalators used in the subway passenger flow peak period is simulated and set by investigating the proportion of stairs and escalators used in the subway passenger flow peak period.However,in the context of the diversity of subway burial depth,whether the use of buildings and escalators in the case of sudden emergency is different from that in the passenger flow peak period,and Whether the calculated values of subway evacuation time specifications based on this foundation meet the simulation values of evacuation time considering the escalator selection behavior of Subway Emergency buildings is worth further study.Therefore,in the context of the gradual deepening of the development of the subway station,combined with the upward fatigue of evacuees and the behavior characteristics of escalator selection in case of an emergency,this paper explores the differences between the calculated value of evacuation time and the simulated value of the subway station,as well as the upward evacuation efficiency of the buildings and escalators,so as to further improve the accuracy of the calculated value of the evacuation time specification and put forward the relevant optimization strategies of the buildings and escalators.First of all,the research investigates the current situation of subway stations in Chongqing area,summarizes and analyzes the distribution of subway buried depth and the current situation of relevant design parameters,and according to the principle of statistical stratified random sampling,selects different buried depth subway stations to record the selection of passenger flow peak and escalator during peak period.Secondly,through the questionnaire survey to further explore the subjective choice behavior of escalators and its influencing factors in different buried depth subway station emergencies,summarize and compare the differences of escalator choice behavior in three scenes of different buried depth subway station passenger flow peak,flat peak and emergencies,as the basic conditions of simulation data support and escalator optimization measures.Secondly,through the subway station stairs,escalators upward evacuation observation experiment to explore the upward velocity of stairs under the influence of upward evacuation fatigue.During the experiment,the heart rate of evacuees was recorded in real time by heart rate band,and subjective fatigue questionnaire was filled in after the experiment to further analyze the impact of upward fatigue on evacuation.The experimental data are fitted by origin regression to get the numerical model of stair up evacuation speed with height,which provides the quantitative basis for the simulation experiment.At last,the shallow and deep subway station models are built by using the anylogic to carry out the group evacuation simulation experiment,and further explore the difference between the evacuation time standard calculation value and the evacuation time simulation value under the influence of the up fatigue and the escalator selection behavior.The experimental results show that the up fatigue and the down escalator selection behavior have a great influence on the evacuation efficiency of the subway station building escalators,and there is a certain difference between the current standard calculation value of evacuation time and the simulation value of evacuation time,and the proposed value of the reduction coefficient of the shallow and deep subway station building escalator capacity is analyzed,which further improves the standard calculation value of evacuation time At the same time,the recommended evacuation time from platform level to outdoor ground is obtained.Finally,considering the evacuation time from platform to ground,the recommended value of reduction coefficient and the relief of vertical evacuation traffic pressure,the relevant optimization measures are proposed and discussed for the escalators of platform floor and station hall floor in the actual investigation cases.