Research On Emergency Evacuation Management Of Personnel Of Multi-hall Cinemas Under Fire Smoke

In recent years,with the increasing demand for people’s leisure and entertainment,the number of entertainment public places such as theaters has increased rapidly.As a place where people often go for daily entertainment,multi-hall theaters are often combined with multiple projection halls,which can accommodate a large number of people and make evacuation difficult.Once a fire accident occurs in the theater,it will be very difficult to evacuate people,and it is likely to cause serious casualties.When a fire occurs,how to evacuate people safely and efficiently is also a research hotspot in the field of emergency management.Through literature review,this paper has determined the key parameters for studying the threat of fire smoke to personnel evacuation,namely visibility,smoke layer height,CO concentration and temperature,and sorted out the factors affecting building fires and evacuation.In order to study the law of fire smoke movement and personnel evacuation behavior of multihall theaters,this paper selects a multi-hall theater in Beijing as a prototype,and uses Pyro Sim software and Pathfinder software to establish FDS fire smoke simulation models and personnel evacuation simulation models respectively.In the FDS fire smoke simulation model,this paper studies the influence of the specs of the auditorium,the location of the fire source,and the effectiveness of fire extinguishing equipment on the movement of fire smoke,and obtains the available safe egress time for personnel.In the simulation experiment of personnel evacuation,the evacuation behavior of personnel under different occupancy rates and different evacuation exit switches was studied with the same fire scene,and the required safe egress time for the corresponding personnel was obtained.Combined with the available safe egress time for personnel,the safety of evacuation was judged.In addition,in the evacuation model,this article diverts people on specific evacuation routes,and explores the optimization of evacuation routes.When the relative position of the fire source and the fire heat release rate are the same,the personnel will have a longer available safe egress time in a large spectator hall than in a small spectator hall.The evacuation of personnel is relatively safer.Low visibility will affect evacuation first When the fire source is behind the auditorium,the available safe egress time is longer than that of the fire source in the front and middle of the auditorium.The higher the slope,the more likely to be affected by the smoke.Compared with the automatic sprinkler system,the mechanical smoke exhaust system can guarantee the available safe egress time for the evacuees in the auditorium to a greater extent.In the same evacuation scenario,the required safe egress time for theater personnel increases with the increase in occupancy rates.When the occupancy rate of the giant screen hall exceeds 50%,the evacuation of personnel is unsafe.According to the experimental results of evacuation of people,the evacuation exits and evacuation routes of the theater can be optimized to a certain extent.Combined with the results of simulation experiments,this paper analyzes the fire and evacuation hazards of multi-hall theaters and puts forward corresponding management countermeasures and suggestions,which are of significance for reducing the fire hazards of theaters and improving the efficiency of evacuation.